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APSC Answer Writing (Daily) based on Assam Tribune – 22/01/2025

For APSC CCE and other Assam Competitive examinations aspirants, practicing Daily Answer Writing is vital. This blog covers the most important Main question and its model Answer from the Assam Tribune today (22-01-2025).

Q. Illegal coal mining poses significant challenges to environmental governance and sustainable development in Assam. Critically analyze the issues involved and suggest a comprehensive way forward. (250 words)

Model Answer

Introduction
Illegal coal mining in Assam, particularly in ecologically sensitive areas like Dihing-Patkai Wildlife Sanctuary, has emerged as a pressing issue. It not only undermines environmental governance but also impacts sustainable development by disrupting ecosystems and threatening local livelihoods.

Body

Issues Involved

Environmental Impact:
- Deforestation and biodiversity loss in protected areas.
- Water and air pollution due to unregulated mining practices.
Governance Challenges:
- Weak enforcement of regulations and lack of accountability.
- Political interference and alleged complicity of local officials.
Economic Trade-offs:
- Dependence of local communities on mining for livelihood.
- Loss of state revenue due to illegal activities.
Social Implications:
- Displacement of tribal communities.
- Health hazards caused by air and water pollution.

Way Forward

Strengthening Regulatory Framework:
- Ensure strict implementation of Supreme Court and NGT orders.
- Leverage technology like satellite monitoring for real-time tracking.
Community Engagement:
- Provide alternative livelihoods through skill development programs.
- Encourage community-based monitoring of mining activities.
Policy Reforms:
- Implement transparent e-auctioning of mining leases.
- Promote sustainable mining practices through public-private partnerships.
Environmental Safeguards:
- Declare eco-sensitive zones around wildlife sanctuaries.
- Conduct regular environmental impact assessments (EIAs).
Capacity Building:
- Train enforcement agencies and local officials in environmental governance.

Conclusion
Illegal coal mining in Assam highlights the delicate balance between economic development and environmental conservation. A multi-stakeholder approach combining robust governance, community participation, and sustainable practices is essential to address these challenges and ensure long-term environmental and economic sustainability.

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