Preparing for the APSC CCE Mains Examination requires much more than just reading books and making notes. One of the most effective ways to understand the actual demand of the examination is by practicing and analyzing Previous Year Questions (PYQs).
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APSC Mains GS Paper 3: 2023: A major paradigm shift in flood management in Assam has been planned with the proposed ‘Innovative Integration of Wetlands with River Brahmaputra for Floodwater Diversion’. Accordingly, an amount of ₹200 crores has been earmarked for this purpose in the State Budget of 2024–25. Elaborate the main features of the project and examine its feasibility in flood management. (10 Marks, 150 words)
Model Answer
To combat recurrent inundation, Assam’s Budget 2024-25 allocated ₹200 crores for a paradigm-shifting, nature-based solution: integrating wetlands with the Brahmaputra, utilizing satellite data from NESAC (North Eastern Space Applications Centre).
Main Features of the Project
- Scientific Diversion: Utilizing 271 suitable wetlands/lakes (Beels) identified by NESAC as natural detention basins to hold excess river water.
- Structural Channelization: Constructing regulated connecting channels and sluice gates to safely navigate floodwaters from the Brahmaputra into the wetlands.
- Ecological Rejuvenation: Large-scale de-siltation of wetlands to expand their water-carrying capacity and revive depleting groundwater aquifers.
Feasibility in Flood Management
- The ‘Sponge’ Mechanism: Wetlands act as natural shock absorbers, shaving off peak flood crests and significantly reducing hydrostatic pressure on aging embankments.
- Sustainable over Hard-Engineering: A climate-resilient, cost-effective alternative to concrete dams, aligning perfectly with the national ‘Amrit Dharohar’ (Ramsar) vision.
- Socio-Economic Multiplier: Retained water will support dry-season agriculture (Rabi crops), inland fisheries, and eco-tourism, creating sustainable livelihoods for indigenous communities.
Shifting from conventional ‘flood-fighting’ to ecological synchrony, this integration is a masterstroke toward a Flood-Free Assam. It champions SDG 13 (Climate Action) while securing the Brahmaputra Valley’s long-term socio-economic and environmental resilience.
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