APSC Current Affairs: Assam Tribune Notes with MCQs and Answer Writing (27/12/2024)
For APSC CCE and other Assam Competitive examinations aspirants, staying updated with current affairs is vital. This blog covers most important topics from the Assam Tribune today (27-12-2024). These issues are key for both APSC Prelims and Mains preparation, offering insights into the APSC CCE Syllabus.
1. China’s Brahmaputra Mega Dam Project
GS Paper 2 & 3: International Relations, Water Resources, and Infrastructure
Introduction
China’s approval of the world’s largest dam on the Yarlung Tsangpo River (Brahmaputra) near the Indian border has raised concerns over water security, environmental impact, and geopolitical tensions. The project, valued at $137 billion, is part of China’s 14th Five-Year Plan and aims to boost energy production.
Key Points
- Project Overview:
- The dam will be constructed at a gorge where the Yarlung Tsangpo River makes a U-turn into India’s Arunachal Pradesh.
- Expected to generate over 300 billion kWh of electricity annually, powering 300 million people.
- Geopolitical Implications:
- Potential control of water flow affecting downstream countries, particularly India and Bangladesh.
- Risks of artificial flooding or water shortages in the Brahmaputra basin during conflicts.
- Environmental Concerns:
- Potential ecological disruption in the Himalayas, a tectonically active zone.
- Threat to biodiversity in the Brahmaputra valley and increased flood risks downstream.
- India’s Position:
- India has raised concerns over transboundary river data sharing and potential misuse during hostilities.
- Collaborative talks under the Expert Level Mechanism (ELM) continue for mutual understanding.
Prelims Pointers
- Yarlung Tsangpo: Tibetan name for the Brahmaputra River.
- Expert Level Mechanism (ELM): Established in 2006 for data sharing and transboundary water discussions.
- 14th Five-Year Plan: Chinese policy framework focusing on infrastructure and development through 2025.
Mains Pointers
Significance of the Project
- Economic Benefits for China:
- Boosts China’s renewable energy capacity, aiding carbon neutrality goals.
- Supports the economic development of Tibet through energy exports and infrastructure.
- Geostrategic Leverage:
- Provides China with significant control over one of South Asia’s critical rivers.
- Concerns for Downstream Nations:
- Impacts on agriculture and water supply in India and Bangladesh.
- Increased flood risks due to controlled releases during monsoons.
Challenges
- Seismic Vulnerability:
- Located in a tectonically active region, posing risks of catastrophic failures.
- International Relations:
- Strains India-China ties amidst existing border disputes.
- Environmental Costs:
- Loss of biodiversity and altered river ecosystems in downstream regions.
Way Forward
- Strengthening Bilateral Mechanisms:
- Enhance dialogue under ELM to ensure transparent data sharing.
- Advocate for water-sharing agreements under international frameworks.
- Infrastructure Development in India:
- Expedite hydropower projects in Arunachal Pradesh to counterbalance China’s actions.
- Environmental Diplomacy:
- Collaborate with global organizations to address ecological concerns collectively.
Conclusion
China’s Brahmaputra mega-dam poses significant geopolitical, environmental, and security challenges for India and Bangladesh. Proactive diplomatic efforts, infrastructure development, and international collaboration are essential to mitigate its impact on regional stability.
2. Assam’s First Integrated Logistics Park (ILP) in Jogighopa
GS Paper 3: Infrastructure, Economy, and Regional Development
Introduction
The foundation stone for Assam’s first Integrated Logistics Park (ILP) in Jogighopa was laid to enhance regional trade and logistics efficiency. This park, developed under the Bharatmala Pariyojana, is set to become a gateway for India’s Northeast, leveraging multimodal connectivity.
Key Points
- Project Highlights:
- Spread over 200 acres, the ILP integrates road, rail, and river transport for seamless cargo movement.
- Developed under a public-private partnership (PPP) model with an investment of ₹1,200 crore.
- Strategic Importance:
- Located near the Brahmaputra River, connecting inland waterways with rail and road networks.
- Aims to reduce logistical costs for goods moving to and from the Northeast.
- Economic Impact:
- Boosts trade and commerce by improving supply chain efficiency.
- Encourages industrial growth in Assam, particularly in the tea, bamboo, and handicrafts sectors.
- Environmental Benefits:
- Promotes eco-friendly transportation by integrating waterways, reducing carbon emissions.
Prelims Pointers
- Integrated Logistics Park (ILP): A hub combining road, rail, and water connectivity for cargo handling.
- Jogighopa: Located in Assam’s Bongaigaon district, strategically placed along National Waterway 2 (NW-2).
- Bharatmala Pariyojana: Government of India’s infrastructure development initiative focusing on highways and logistics.
Mains Pointers
Significance of the Jogighopa ILP
- Boost to Regional Trade:
- Connects the Northeast with neighboring countries like Bangladesh and Bhutan.
- Reduces dependency on the Siliguri Corridor, ensuring uninterrupted trade.
- Economic Development:
- Encourages industries to set up manufacturing and export facilities in Assam.
- Creates employment opportunities in logistics, warehousing, and allied services.
- Environmental Sustainability:
- Promotes the use of waterways, reducing reliance on road transport and lowering emissions.
Challenges
- Infrastructure Development:
- Timely construction of road and rail links is critical for success.
- Coordination with Neighboring Nations:
- Requires efficient cross-border logistics management with Bangladesh and Bhutan.
- Operational Efficiency:
- Ensuring technology-driven management systems for smooth operations.
Way Forward
- Expedite Construction:
- Focus on meeting deadlines for multimodal connectivity infrastructure.
- Public Awareness:
- Educate local businesses about the benefits of using the ILP for trade.
- Collaborative Framework:
- Enhance coordination with neighboring countries to streamline regional trade.
Conclusion
The Jogighopa ILP is a transformative project for Assam, integrating the Northeast into India’s logistics network and fostering economic growth. By addressing operational challenges and leveraging regional partnerships, this initiative can establish Assam as a hub for trade and commerce in South Asia.
3. Assam’s Plan for Comprehensive Tea Sector Revitalization
GS Paper 3: Economy, Agriculture, and Industry
Introduction
The Assam government has announced a comprehensive plan to revitalize its tea industry, which accounts for over 50% of India’s tea production. The plan aims to address declining tea prices, environmental challenges, and the socio-economic well-being of workers.
Key Points
- Current Challenges in Assam’s Tea Industry:
- Fluctuating global tea prices affecting profitability.
- Climate change causing erratic rainfall, reducing productivity and quality.
- Worker issues, including low wages, poor living conditions, and lack of healthcare.
- Key Components of the Revitalization Plan:
- Infrastructure Development: Modernizing tea factories and providing subsidies for irrigation systems.
- Promotion of Organic Tea: Encouraging organic farming practices to meet growing global demand.
- Worker Welfare: Increasing minimum wages, improving housing, and providing access to healthcare and education.
- Government Support:
- ₹1,500 crore allocated for the sector over the next three years.
- Incentives for small tea growers to transition to sustainable farming practices.
- Market Diversification:
- Promoting exports of specialty teas, including Assam Orthodox and Green Tea.
- Organizing global trade fairs to connect Assam’s producers with international buyers.
Prelims Pointers
- Assam Tea: Known for its robust flavor, it constitutes over 50% of India’s total tea production.
- Orthodox Tea: Handcrafted tea known for its superior quality and high export potential.
- Tea Board of India: Statutory body responsible for the development of India’s tea industry.
Mains Pointers
Significance of the Tea Sector for Assam
- Economic Contribution:
- Provides employment to over 1 million people, including a significant tribal population.
- Major contributor to Assam’s GDP and foreign exchange earnings.
- Cultural Identity:
- Assam Tea is globally recognized as a symbol of Indian heritage.
- Global Competitiveness:
- High-quality Assam Orthodox tea has a niche market abroad, offering opportunities for premium pricing.
Challenges
- Climate Change:
- Erratic rainfall and rising temperatures affect crop yield and quality.
- Labor Issues:
- Low wages and poor living standards reduce workforce motivation and productivity.
- Market Volatility:
- Overdependence on bulk tea, which fetches lower prices compared to specialty teas.
Way Forward
- Adoption of Technology:
- Use AI and IoT for precision agriculture and weather prediction.
- Sustainability Practices:
- Promote eco-friendly farming techniques and reduce pesticide use.
- Worker Empowerment:
- Provide skill training programs and financial literacy workshops for tea workers.
Conclusion
Assam’s tea industry is not only an economic pillar but also a cultural emblem of the state. A focused approach addressing productivity, market challenges, and worker welfare can ensure long-term sustainability and global competitiveness for Assam’s tea sector.
4. Assam’s Push for Bamboo-Based Industries
GS Paper 3: Economy, Environment, and Sustainable Development
Introduction
The Assam government has announced new initiatives to develop bamboo-based industries as part of its sustainable development strategy. The focus is on promoting bamboo as a versatile resource for construction, furniture, paper, and biofuel production, leveraging Assam’s rich bamboo reserves.
Key Points
- Significance of Bamboo in Assam:
- Assam accounts for nearly 20% of India’s bamboo production.
- Bamboo is culturally significant and economically vital, supporting rural livelihoods.
- Government Initiatives:
- Establishment of a Bamboo Technology Park in Kamrup to foster innovation and processing.
- Subsidies and financial support for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in bamboo-based industries.
- Training programs for artisans to enhance skills and adopt modern techniques.
- Applications of Bamboo:
- Construction: Eco-friendly material for housing and furniture.
- Industrial Use: Production of paper, biofuel, and textiles.
- Export Opportunities: High demand for processed bamboo products in Southeast Asia.
- Environmental Benefits:
- Bamboo acts as a carbon sink, absorbing significant amounts of CO2.
- Prevents soil erosion and promotes water conservation in degraded lands.
Prelims Pointers
- Bamboo Technology Park: A government initiative to boost bamboo-based industries in Assam.
- National Bamboo Mission (NBM): Central scheme promoting bamboo cultivation and industries.
- Bamboo as a Biofuel: Emerging application in producing ethanol and other biofuels.
Mains Pointers
Significance of Bamboo-Based Industries
- Economic Growth:
- Provides employment in rural areas and supports the growth of SMEs.
- Boosts export revenue through value-added products.
- Environmental Sustainability:
- Bamboo cultivation supports afforestation and combats climate change.
- Eco-friendly alternative to timber, reducing deforestation.
- Rural Development:
- Promotes entrepreneurship and self-reliance among rural populations.
- Enhances income for farmers and artisans involved in bamboo processing.
Challenges
- Lack of Modern Infrastructure:
- Limited processing facilities and outdated technology hinder large-scale production.
- Market Access:
- Artisans and SMEs face challenges in reaching national and international markets.
- Policy Implementation:
- Delayed execution of subsidies and financial assistance programs.
Way Forward
- Infrastructure Development:
- Set up more bamboo processing units and export hubs.
- Market Linkages:
- Develop e-commerce platforms for direct sale of bamboo products.
- Research and Innovation:
- Invest in R&D to explore new applications for bamboo in bioenergy and high-value products.
Conclusion
Bamboo-based industries hold immense potential for Assam’s economic and environmental progress. By addressing infrastructural and market challenges, the state can become a global leader in bamboo innovation while promoting sustainable development and rural prosperity.
APSC Prelims Practice Questions
1. China’s Brahmaputra Mega Dam Project
Question 1: The Yarlung Tsangpo River, where China plans to build the world’s largest dam, is known as which river in India?
A. Ganga
B. Brahmaputra
C. Indus
D. Teesta
Answer: B. Brahmaputra
Explanation: The Yarlung Tsangpo River in Tibet enters India as the Brahmaputra River, flowing through Arunachal Pradesh and Assam.
Question 2: What is the primary concern for India regarding China’s Brahmaputra Mega Dam Project?
- Control over water flow to downstream countries.
- Increased seismic activity in the region.
- Disruption of biodiversity in the Brahmaputra basin.
Select the correct answer using the code below:
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 1 and 3 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, and 3
Answer: D. 1, 2, and 3
Explanation: India is concerned about potential control over water flow, seismic risks due to the dam’s location, and ecological disruption in the Brahmaputra valley.
2. Assam’s First Integrated Logistics Park (ILP)
Question 3: Which of the following modes of transport are integrated in the Jogighopa Integrated Logistics Park (ILP)?
- Rail
- Road
- Inland Waterways
Select the correct answer using the code below:
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1, 2, and 3
D. 1 and 3 only
Answer: C. 1, 2, and 3
Explanation: The Jogighopa ILP combines rail, road, and inland waterways to streamline cargo movement and boost logistics efficiency.
Question 4: The Jogighopa Integrated Logistics Park is being developed under which national initiative?
A. Sagarmala Project
B. Bharatmala Pariyojana
C. Make in India
D. Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation (AMRUT)
Answer: B. Bharatmala Pariyojana
Explanation: The ILP is part of the Bharatmala Pariyojana, a government initiative focused on enhancing highways and logistics infrastructure.
3. Assam’s Plan for Comprehensive Tea Sector Revitalization
Question 5: Which of the following is a key focus area in Assam’s tea revitalization plan?
- Promotion of organic tea farming.
- Providing subsidies for irrigation systems.
- Export promotion of Assam Orthodox tea.
Select the correct answer using the code below:
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, and 3
Answer: D. 1, 2, and 3
Explanation: The revitalization plan includes organic tea farming, subsidies for modern irrigation, and promoting Assam Orthodox tea for export markets.
Question 6: What percentage of India’s tea production is contributed by Assam?
A. 25%
B. 40%
C. 50%
D. 60%
Answer: C. 50%
Explanation: Assam accounts for over 50% of India’s total tea production, making it a critical component of the country’s tea industry.
4. Assam’s Push for Bamboo-Based Industries
Question 7: Which of the following is a key initiative for promoting bamboo-based industries in Assam?
A. Bamboo Mission of India
B. Assam Bamboo Technology Park
C. Kamrup Bamboo and Handicraft Scheme
D. Bamboo for Sustainable Development Plan
Answer: B. Assam Bamboo Technology Park
Explanation: The Assam Bamboo Technology Park is a government initiative to foster innovation and support bamboo-based industries in the state.
Question 8: Bamboo is considered environmentally sustainable because:
- It absorbs large amounts of CO2.
- It prevents soil erosion.
- It requires chemical fertilizers for growth.
Select the correct answer using the code below:
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, and 3
Answer: A. 1 and 2 only
Explanation: Bamboo absorbs CO2 and prevents soil erosion. It is naturally sustainable and does not require chemical fertilizers for growth.
APSC Mains Practice Question
Topic: Assam’s Push for Bamboo-Based Industries
Question: Bamboo-based industries have immense potential for sustainable development and economic growth in Assam. Analyze the steps taken by the state to promote bamboo-based industries and suggest measures to overcome challenges hindering their development. (250 words)
Model Answer
Introduction
Assam, contributing nearly 20% of India’s bamboo production, holds immense potential for developing bamboo-based industries. These industries align with sustainable development goals, offering opportunities in construction, handicrafts, paper, and biofuels while supporting rural livelihoods.
Steps Taken by Assam to Promote Bamboo-Based Industries
- Infrastructure Development:
- Establishment of the Assam Bamboo Technology Park in Kamrup to foster innovation and processing.
- Financial Support:
- Subsidies for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) involved in bamboo processing.
- Skill Development:
- Training programs for artisans to adopt modern techniques and improve productivity.
- Market Expansion:
- Promoting bamboo products at national and international trade fairs to boost exports.
- Environmental Focus:
- Encouraging sustainable bamboo cultivation to prevent deforestation and soil erosion.
Challenges Hindering Development
- Lack of Modern Infrastructure:
- Limited processing facilities and outdated technologies restrict value addition.
- Market Access Issues:
- SMEs and artisans face challenges in accessing larger markets and supply chains.
- Policy Implementation Gaps:
- Delays in subsidies and lack of streamlined support mechanisms.
Suggestions to Overcome Challenges
- Enhancing Infrastructure:
- Establish additional processing units and export hubs.
- Market Linkages:
- Develop e-commerce platforms to directly connect artisans with consumers.
- Research and Development:
- Invest in innovation to explore high-value applications like bioenergy and textiles.
- Policy Streamlining:
- Ensure timely implementation of subsidies and financial incentives.
Conclusion
Bamboo-based industries offer a sustainable pathway for Assam’s economic and environmental development. By addressing infrastructural and market challenges, the state can leverage its bamboo resources to create jobs, boost exports, and promote sustainable industrial growth.
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