APSC Current Affairs: Assam Tribune Notes with MCQs and Answer Writing (24/12/2024)

For APSC CCE and other Assam Competitive examinations aspirants, staying updated with current affairs is vital. This blog covers most important topics from the Assam Tribune today (24-12-2024). These issues are key for both APSC Prelims and Mains preparation, offering insights into the APSC CCE Syllabus.

1. ISRO’s SpaDeX Mission

GS Paper 3: Science and Technology

Introduction

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is set to launch the Space Docking Experiment (SpaDeX) mission on December 30, 2024, using the PSLV-C60 launch vehicle. This mission aims to develop and demonstrate India’s capability in in-space docking, a critical technology for advanced space exploration.

Key Points

1. Mission Overview:
   • SpaDeX is designed to test docking and undocking technology between two spacecraft in orbit.
   • It is a cost-effective technology demonstrator mission.
2. Significance of Docking Technology:
   • Enables multiple rocket launches to achieve a common mission objective.
   • Critical for future missions, such as India’s lunar sample return, the Bharatiya Antariksh Station (BAS), and interplanetary exploration.
3. Global Context:
   • India will join the league of the US, Russia, and China with in-space docking capability.
   • Strengthens India’s position in space technology and exploration.
4. ISRO’s Progress:
   • The PSLV-C60 has been moved to the First Launch Pad at Satish Dhawan Space Centre for satellite integration.
   • The mission also supports the development of technologies required for space station operations.

Prelims Pointers

• SpaDeX: Space Docking Experiment mission by ISRO.
• PSLV-C60: Launch vehicle for SpaDeX mission.
• Bharatiya Antariksh Station (BAS): India’s proposed space station project.

Mains Pointers

Importance of the SpaDeX Mission

1. Technological Advancement:
   • Lays the groundwork for complex missions involving spacecraft assembly in orbit.
   • Demonstrates India’s capability in reusable and modular spacecraft design.
2. Strategic Implications:
   • Reduces dependency on foreign space agencies for critical technologies.
   • Enhances India’s competitiveness in the global space industry.
3. Economic and Scientific Impact:
   • Opens avenues for commercial collaborations in space exploration.
   • Boosts indigenous research in materials science and automation.

Challenges

1. Technological Precision:
   • Requires high accuracy in spacecraft navigation and control.
2. Budget Constraints:
   • Balancing costs with other high-priority missions.
3. Space Debris:
   • Ensuring safety during docking operations without increasing orbital debris.

Way Forward

1. Enhanced Collaboration:
   • Partner with global agencies like NASA and ESA for knowledge sharing.
2. Focus on Sustainability:
   • Develop protocols for debris mitigation and reusable systems.
3. Capacity Building:
   • Strengthen India’s private space ecosystem to contribute to advanced technologies.

Conclusion

The SpaDeX mission marks a significant milestone in India’s space journey, paving the way for ambitious projects like lunar sample return and space station operations. By mastering in-space docking, ISRO solidifies its position as a global leader in space exploration.

2. Assam’s Efforts to Promote Organic Farming

GS Paper 3: Agriculture, Sustainable Development

Introduction

Assam is intensifying its efforts to promote organic farming to meet the growing demand for chemical-free produce. The state government, in collaboration with the Central Ministry of Agriculture, plans to increase organic farming areas by 20% by 2025, boosting both farmer income and ecological sustainability.

Key Points

1. Current Scenario:
   • Organic farming currently accounts for 5.6% of Assam’s total cultivated area.
   • Key crops include Assam Lemon, Ginger, Joha Rice, and Tea.
2. Government Initiatives:
   • Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY): Provides financial assistance for organic farming.
   • Mission Organic Value Chain Development (MOVCD): Focuses on connecting organic farmers to markets.
   • State-level certification systems to ensure product authenticity.
3. Economic Benefits:
   • Organic produce fetches premium prices in domestic and international markets.
   • Creates opportunities for agro-tourism and local employment.
4. Environmental Impact:
   • Reduces soil and water contamination by eliminating chemical fertilizers and pesticides.
   • Enhances soil fertility and biodiversity.

Prelims Pointers

• PKVY: A flagship program promoting traditional organic farming methods.
• MOVCD: Focused on northeastern states to develop organic value chains.
• Organic Certification: Assam Tea and Ginger are major certified organic exports.

Mains Pointers

Significance of Organic Farming in Assam

1. Economic Growth:
   • Increases farmer income through high-value crops.
   • Diversifies Assam’s export portfolio with premium organic products.
2. Ecological Preservation:
   • Protects Assam’s biodiversity, including wetlands and endangered species.
   • Mitigates climate change impacts by promoting carbon sequestration in soil.
3. Health Benefits:
   • Encourages the production of toxin-free food, reducing health risks for consumers and farmers.

Challenges

1. High Initial Costs:
   • Transitioning from conventional to organic farming requires significant investment.
2. Limited Market Access:
   • Organic farmers often lack access to reliable supply chains and export markets.
3. Knowledge Gaps:
   • Farmers need training in organic techniques and certification processes.

Government Efforts

• Financial incentives under PKVY and MOVCD.
• Partnerships with agro-tech companies for organic input supplies.
• State Organic Mission to create awareness and provide training.

Way Forward

1. Infrastructure Development:
   • Build cold storage facilities and organic marketplaces.
2. Public-Private Partnerships:
   • Collaborate with private players to enhance certification, branding, and marketing.
3. Research and Development:
   • Promote studies on region-specific organic farming techniques.

Conclusion

Organic farming in Assam offers a path to sustainable agriculture, balancing economic growth with environmental stewardship. By addressing challenges and scaling up initiatives, the state can emerge as a leader in India’s organic revolution, benefiting both farmers and consumers.

3. Kaziranga’s Anti-Poaching Success in 2024

GS Paper 3: Environment, Biodiversity Conservation

Introduction

Kaziranga National Park (KNP), a UNESCO World Heritage Site, has achieved a milestone by recording zero rhino poaching incidents in 2024. This success is attributed to intensified surveillance, community involvement, and the use of advanced technology in anti-poaching measures.

Key Points

1. Rhino Poaching Statistics:
   • No incidents reported in 2024, compared to 3 cases in 2023 and 6 in 2022.
   • Marks a significant improvement in wildlife protection in the park.
2. Strategies Implemented:
   • Advanced Surveillance: Use of drones, thermal cameras, and night vision equipment.
   • Increased Patrolling: Deployment of armed forest guards in sensitive zones.
   • Community Participation: Engagement with local communities for intelligence gathering and raising awareness.
3. Government Support:
   • Assam government allocated ₹100 crore for rhino conservation in 2024.
   • Special Rhino Protection Force (SRPF) established to combat poaching.
4. Impact on Biodiversity:
   • Positive outcomes for rhino populations, with a census showing an increase from 2,613 (2018) to 2,707 (2024).
   • Enhanced protection for other endangered species in the park.

Prelims Pointers

• Kaziranga National Park: Famous for its one-horned rhinoceros, tigers, and elephants.
• Special Rhino Protection Force (SRPF): A dedicated unit for anti-poaching in Assam.
• UNESCO World Heritage Site: Designated for its exceptional biodiversity.

Mains Pointers

Significance of Anti-Poaching Measures

1. Conservation Success:
   • Protects rhinos, a keystone species critical for the ecosystem.
   • Contributes to Assam’s reputation as a global biodiversity hotspot.
2. Tourism Boost:
   • Zero poaching incidents enhance Kaziranga’s appeal to eco-tourists.
   • Generates revenue and employment for local communities.
3. Community Involvement:
   • Strengthens trust between forest authorities and local populations.
   • Encourages sustainable livelihoods, reducing dependence on poaching-related activities.

Challenges

1. Organized Poaching Networks:
   • Poaching gangs operate with sophisticated tactics and international demand for rhino horns.
2. Resource Limitations:
   • High costs associated with advanced surveillance technology and manpower.
3. Climate Change:
   • Flooding in Kaziranga displaces wildlife, increasing their vulnerability to poachers.

Government Initiatives

• State Rhino Vision 2020: Aims to increase rhino populations across Assam.
• Technology Integration: Use of GPS collars and automated monitoring systems.
• Community Engagement: Programs like eco-development committees (EDCs) to promote coexistence.

Way Forward

1. Strengthening Technology:
   • Expand drone coverage and implement AI-based monitoring tools.
2. International Collaboration:
   • Partner with global conservation organizations to combat illegal wildlife trade.
3. Disaster Management:
   • Develop strategies to protect wildlife during floods and other natural disasters.

Conclusion

Kaziranga’s anti-poaching success underscores the effectiveness of a multifaceted approach combining technology, community participation, and robust governance. Sustaining these efforts will not only protect rhinos but also preserve the rich biodiversity of one of India’s most treasured natural habitats.

4. Assam’s Electric Vehicle (EV) Policy Progress

GS Paper 3: Infrastructure, Environment, and Economic Development

Introduction

The Assam government has made significant strides in implementing its Electric Vehicle (EV) Policy, introduced in 2021. The policy aims to achieve 25% EV penetration in new vehicle registrations by 2030, contributing to reduced carbon emissions and sustainable transportation.

Key Points

1. EV Policy Targets:
   • Promote EV adoption through subsidies and incentives.
   • Develop charging infrastructure with at least one station every 25 km on highways.
   • Provide tax exemptions for EV buyers and manufacturers.
2. Recent Developments:
   • Over 12,000 EVs registered in Assam in 2024, marking a 40% increase from 2023.
   • 56 public charging stations installed across major urban centers and highways.
   • Guwahati becomes the first northeastern city with 100% e-buses in its public transport fleet.
3. Economic and Environmental Benefits:
   • Reduction in fossil fuel dependency saves an estimated ₹100 crore annually.
   • Improved air quality with reduced vehicular emissions in urban areas.

Prelims Pointers

• Assam EV Policy, 2021: Focuses on EV adoption and charging infrastructure development.
• FAME II Scheme: Central government initiative supporting EV adoption across India.
• Guwahati’s EV Fleet: First city in the Northeast with 100% electric public buses.

Mains Pointers

Importance of EV Policy Implementation

1. Environmental Impact:
   • Reduces greenhouse gas emissions, improving urban air quality.
   • Mitigates climate change by promoting renewable energy integration.
2. Economic Growth:
   • Encourages investment in the EV manufacturing sector.
   • Generates employment in EV production, maintenance, and charging infrastructure.
3. Energy Security:
   • Decreases reliance on imported fossil fuels, boosting energy independence.

Challenges

1. Infrastructure Gaps:
   • Limited availability of charging stations, especially in rural areas.
2. High Initial Costs:
   • EVs remain expensive despite subsidies, deterring middle-income buyers.
3. Consumer Awareness:
   • Limited understanding of EV benefits among potential buyers.

Government Efforts

• Subsidies and Incentives: Up to ₹1.5 lakh for two-wheelers and four-wheelers.
• Charging Infrastructure Expansion: Partnering with private players like Tata Power for rapid installations.
• Tax Waivers: No road tax or registration fees for EVs in Assam.

Way Forward

1. Expand Charging Infrastructure:
   • Focus on rural areas and highways to ensure accessibility.
2. Research and Development:
   • Encourage innovation in battery technology for cost reduction and efficiency.
3. Public Awareness Campaigns:
   • Promote the environmental and economic benefits of EVs.
4. Private Sector Participation:
   • Foster partnerships with industries for infrastructure development and scaling production.

Conclusion Assam’s EV policy reflects its commitment to sustainable transportation and environmental conservation. By addressing infrastructure and affordability challenges, the state can become a leader in EV adoption in the Northeast, contributing significantly to India’s green energy transition.

APSC Prelims Practice Questions

1. ISRO’s SpaDeX Mission

Question 1: What is the primary objective of the SpaDeX mission?
A. Testing lunar landing technology
B. Demonstrating in-space docking technology
C. Launching a satellite constellation
D. Conducting interplanetary exploration

Answer: B. Demonstrating in-space docking technology

Explanation: SpaDeX (Space Docking Experiment) is a mission designed to test and validate docking and undocking technology between two spacecraft in orbit, a critical capability for advanced space missions.

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2. Assam’s Efforts to Promote Organic Farming

Question 2: Which of the following programs is associated with promoting organic farming in Assam?

1. Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY)
2. Mission Organic Value Chain Development (MOVCD)
3. National Food Security Mission (NFSM)

Select the correct answer using the code below:
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1, 2, and 3
D. 1 and 3 only

Answer: C. 1, 2, and 3

Explanation: Assam’s efforts to promote organic farming include PKVY and MOVCD, which provide financial and technical assistance, and NFSM, which includes support for organic farming.

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3. Kaziranga’s Anti-Poaching Success in 2024

Question 3: Which of the following is a reason for the success of Kaziranga National Park in achieving zero rhino poaching in 2024?

1. Deployment of drones and night vision equipment
2. Establishment of the Special Rhino Protection Force (SRPF)
3. Engagement of local communities in anti-poaching activities

Select the correct answer using the code below:
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, and 3

Answer: D. 1, 2, and 3

Explanation: Kaziranga’s anti-poaching success is due to a multifaceted approach involving advanced surveillance, the SRPF, and community participation.

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4. Assam’s Electric Vehicle (EV) Policy Progress

Question 4: Which of the following is true regarding Assam’s EV Policy?

1. It aims to achieve 25% EV penetration in new vehicle registrations by 2030.
2. EV buyers are exempted from road tax and registration fees.
3. It focuses only on urban areas for EV infrastructure development.

Select the correct answer using the code below:
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, and 3

Answer: A. 1 and 2 onlyExplanation: Assam’s EV Policy aims for 25% EV penetration by 2030 and provides tax exemptions for EV buyers. The policy also emphasizes developing infrastructure in both urban and rural areas, making statement 3 incorrect.

APSC Mains Practice Question

Topic: Kaziranga’s Anti-Poaching Success in 2024

Question:
Kaziranga National Park’s success in achieving zero rhino poaching incidents in 2024 highlights the importance of a multi-pronged approach to wildlife conservation. Discuss the strategies implemented, challenges faced, and suggest measures to sustain and replicate this success in other biodiversity hotspots of India. (250 words)

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Model Answer

Introduction
Kaziranga National Park (KNP), a UNESCO World Heritage Site, has set a benchmark in wildlife conservation by reporting zero rhino poaching in 2024. This achievement showcases the efficacy of integrated conservation efforts involving technology, governance, and community participation.

Strategies Implemented

1. Advanced Technology:
   • Use of drones, thermal cameras, and night vision equipment for surveillance.
   • GPS tracking of vulnerable wildlife.
2. Specialized Forces:
   • Deployment of the Special Rhino Protection Force (SRPF).
   • Enhanced patrolling in sensitive areas.
3. Community Involvement:
   • Collaboration with local communities for intelligence gathering.
   • Awareness campaigns to reduce poaching-related activities.
4. Government Support:
   • Allocation of ₹100 crore for conservation efforts in 2024.

Challenges

1. Organized Poaching Networks:
   • International demand for rhino horns fuels sophisticated poaching operations.
2. Climate Impact:
   • Annual floods in Kaziranga increase wildlife vulnerability.
3. Resource Limitations:
   • High costs of technology and skilled manpower.

Suggestions to Sustain and Replicate Success

1. Expand Anti-Poaching Technology:
   • Deploy similar surveillance systems in other biodiversity hotspots.
2. Strengthen Community Engagement:
   • Promote eco-tourism as an alternative livelihood for local communities.
3. Improve Disaster Management:
   • Establish wildlife shelters and improve flood mitigation strategies.
4. International Collaboration:
   • Partner with global conservation organizations to combat wildlife trafficking.

Conclusion
Kaziranga’s achievement demonstrates that a multi-stakeholder approach combining technology, governance, and local participation can effectively conserve wildlife. Replicating these measures in other hotspots will ensure the protection of India’s rich biodiversity.

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