APSC Current Affairs: Assam Tribune Notes with MCQs and Answer Writing (21/04/2025)

For APSC CCE and other Assam Competitive examinations aspirants, staying updated with current affairs is vital. This blog covers most important topics from the Assam Tribune today (21-04-2025). These issues are key for both APSC Prelims and Mains preparation, offering insights into the APSC CCE Syllabus.

✨ Current Affairs Crash Course for the APSC Prelims 2025

🇮🇳 Assam–Bhutan Connectivity and Diplomacy: A Strategic Northeast Imperative

📘 GS Paper 2: International Relations | India’s Neighbourhood First | Bilateral Agreements
📘 GS Paper 3: Infrastructure | Regional Development | Act East Policy

---

🔹 Introduction

The visit of Bhutan’s King Jigme Wangchuk to Assam underscores the evolving sub-national diplomacy between Assam and Bhutan. It focused on key regional connectivity infrastructure like the Multimodal Logistics Park (MMLP) and Inland Waterways Terminal (IWT) at Jogighopa. These developments align with India’s Act East Policy, seeking economic integration of Northeast India with Southeast Asia.

---

🔑 Key Highlights

Feature	Description
Dignitary	King Jigme Wangchuk of Bhutan
Sites Visited	Jogighopa MMLP and IWT
Project Significance	Enhancing regional logistics, trade and people-to-people ties
Background	Relations between Assam and Bhutan are historically and culturally rooted
Strategic Link	Strengthens India–Bhutan ties under the Neighbourhood First Policy

---

⚙️ Key Infrastructure Discussed

1. Jogighopa Multimodal Logistics Park (MMLP)

India’s first MMLP: Integrates rail, road, air and waterways.

Boosts cross-border trade, especially with Bhutan and Bangladesh.

Located along National Waterway 2 (Brahmaputra).

2. Inland Waterways Terminal (IWT), Jogighopa

Facilitates barge movement to Bangladesh and Bhutan.

Eases cargo load from roadways; reduces logistics cost by up to 30%.

Enhances North Bengal–Assam–Bhutan–Bangladesh connectivity.

---

🧠 Prelims Pointers

Neighbourhood First Policy: India’s diplomatic focus on fostering relations with SAARC and BIMSTEC nations.

Act East Policy: India’s proactive engagement with Southeast and East Asian countries; evolved from Look East.

Jogighopa: A logistics hotspot on the Brahmaputra in Bongaigaon district, Assam.

National Waterway-2: Dhubri–Sadiya stretch of the Brahmaputra (891 km).

Bhutan–India Treaty of Friendship (2007): Framework for bilateral relations and mutual cooperation.

---

📝 Mains Pointers

A. Importance of Bhutan-Assam Engagement

Benefit	Explanation
Strategic Security	Prevents cross-border insurgency, encourages peace corridors.
Economic Growth	Facilitates cross-border trade in energy, minerals, agriculture.
Cultural Ties	Shared Bodo-Bhutanese traditions and Buddhist heritage.
Environmental Cooperation	Joint projects on forest and river ecosystem conservation.
Tourism & People Exchange	Scope for eco-tourism and religious tourism circuits.

---

B. Challenges in Strengthening Assam–Bhutan Ties

Challenge	Description
Geographical Terrain	Hilly and forested terrain poses infrastructure development hurdles.
Border Management	Smuggling, illegal crossings, and forest encroachments require vigilance.
Lack of Direct Air Links	Flights still routed via Kolkata or Delhi, delaying Bhutan-Northeast access.
Insufficient Awareness	Limited public knowledge of Bhutan’s trade opportunities in Northeast India.

---

C. Government Initiatives Supporting This Partnership

India–Bhutan Hydropower Cooperation: Ongoing joint ventures in clean energy.

BBIN Corridor Agreement (Bhutan opted out temporarily): For seamless regional transport.

SASEC Road Connectivity: Asian Development Bank-backed projects linking Northeast India.

MMLP Policy by MoRTH: Targets 35 such parks nationwide.

North East Connectivity Plan: Prioritizing Northeast in India’s national logistics policy.

---

D. Way Forward

Fast-track Bhutan–India bilateral trading routes via Jogighopa and Samdrup Jongkhar

Promote joint riverine tourism on Brahmaputra connecting Bhutan-Assam

Create visa-free regional travel passes for Bhutanese and Northeast citizens

Strengthen institutional mechanisms: A dedicated Bhutan-Assam Coordination Desk

Public Diplomacy Campaigns: Exchange programs, language courses, and shared cultural festivals

---

🧩 Conclusion

The Jogighopa visit by Bhutan’s King heralds a new chapter in sub-national diplomacy and transboundary connectivity. As India positions Assam as a gateway to Southeast Asia, building robust and people-centric relations with Bhutan is not just strategic—it’s economically prudent and culturally organic.

🧠 Regulation of Care Homes in Assam: A Wake-Up Call for Disability Rights & Public Safety

📘 GS Paper 2: Governance | Welfare Schemes for Vulnerable Sections | Rights of Persons with Disabilities
📘 GS Paper 4: Ethics – Human Dignity, Accountability, Vulnerable Populations

---

🔹 Introduction

In a tragic incident in Assam, the death of three differently-abled residents at a private care home in Baihata Chariali has sparked widespread concern over the lack of regulation, monitoring, and legal enforcement in residential facilities for persons with disabilities (PwDs). The event has triggered judicial scrutiny, civil society outrage, and renewed calls for urgent policy reforms in institutional care.

---

🔑 Key Highlights

Feature	Details
Incident	Death of 3 differently-abled residents under suspicious conditions
Location	Baihata Chariali, Kamrup (R)
Type of Facility	Private residential care home for PwDs
Action Taken	Enquiry ordered by Social Welfare Department; Judicial monitoring initiated
Civil Society Response	Demand for stricter audits, better standards, legal enforcement
Legal Framework	Rights of Persons with Disabilities (RPwD) Act, 2016
Core Issue	Lack of registration, untrained staff, poor hygiene, and custodial neglect

---

🧠 Prelims Pointers

RPwD Act, 2016: Mandates equality, dignity, and legal capacity for all persons with disabilities; penalizes abuse in institutions.

Section 50, RPwD Act: Requires all care institutions to be registered and regulated by State Authorities.

State Commissioner for PwDs: Nodal authority for redressal and compliance at the state level.

Accessible India Campaign: Promotes barrier-free access in public spaces and services.

UNCRPD (2006): India is a signatory to the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.

---

📝 Mains Pointers

A. Issues in Disability Care in Assam and India

Issue	Description
Unregulated Facilities	Many homes function without valid licenses or trained caregivers.
Lack of Oversight	Infrequent inspections by authorities, especially in rural Assam.
Staff Shortage & Unskilled Workforce	No mandatory training in disability care or mental health.
Custodial Abuse & Neglect	Hygiene, nutrition, and psychological safety often compromised.
Poor Grievance Redressal	PwDs or guardians have limited access to institutional justice.

---

B. Why This Matters

Human Dignity: PwDs are entitled to the same quality of life and rights as any citizen.

Constitutional Mandate: Articles 15, 21, and 41 ensure equality, life, and disability welfare.

Ethical Governance: Neglecting institutional safety violates public trust and moral accountability.

International Commitments: As a UNCRPD signatory, India is bound to uphold global disability standards.

---

C. Government Measures So Far

Swavlamban Scheme: Financial aid and assistive devices to PwDs

Deendayal Disabled Rehabilitation Scheme (DDRS): Funding NGOs working on disability care

District Disability Rehabilitation Centres (DDRCs): Offer physio-psychological support in select districts

PM Daksh Yojana: Skill training for PwDs, SCs, and STs

NHRC Guidelines (2023): Directed states to audit residential homes bi-annually

---

D. Way Forward

Mandatory Registration & Licensing

Penalize unregistered homes; enforce audits through district magistrates.

Third-Party Inspection Model

Involve NGOs, NHRC, and disability advocates in periodic surprise checks.

Training & Certification for Caregivers

Launch vocational courses on disability support under Skill India.

Technology for Monitoring

Use CCTV, biometric attendance, and care-tracking apps for accountability.

Legal Empowerment of PwDs & Guardians

Set up helplines, ombudsmen, and fast-track complaint systems at district level.

---

🧩 Conclusion

The Baihata incident must be a turning point in Assam’s approach to disability care. Beyond mere sympathy, the state must adopt a rights-based, enforceable, and community-participatory framework that ensures our most vulnerable citizens live with dignity, safety, and equality.

🛡️ Cyberwarfare & India’s Digital Defence: Rising Risks in a Multipolar World

📘 GS Paper 3: Internal Security | Cybersecurity | Defence Technology
📘 GS Paper 2: International Relations | Global Governance | India’s Strategic Interests

---

🔹 Introduction

As global cyberattacks surge, including alleged state-sponsored cyber espionage targeting India, the need for robust digital defence infrastructure has gained critical urgency. With rising tension among major powers like the US, China, Russia, and Iran, cyberwarfare has emerged as a fifth dimension of warfare, along with land, sea, air, and space. India, being one of the most digitally connected nations, faces serious vulnerabilities across sectors.

---

🔑 Key Highlights

Aspect	Details
Recent Threats	Cyberattacks on India’s energy grids, defence networks, and research institutions
Source Countries (alleged)	China (APT groups), North Korea, Iran, and other non-state actors
Affected Sectors	Power grids (Mumbai 2020), Defence R&D, Health (AIIMS ransomware attack)
Global Pattern	US warns of AI-driven cyberwarfare escalation, targets include satellites, financial systems
Indian Response	Strengthening of CERT-In, new Cyber Command under Defence Cyber Agency (DCA)

---

🧠 Prelims Pointers

CERT-In: Nodal agency under Ministry of Electronics & IT (MeitY) for responding to cyber threats in India.

DCA (Defence Cyber Agency): Part of Integrated Defence Staff to coordinate cyber operations.

NCIIPC: National Critical Information Infrastructure Protection Centre – safeguards power, banking, telecom, etc.

Bharat OS: Indigenous operating system developed to reduce dependence on foreign platforms.

Cyber Surakshit Bharat: Capacity building initiative for government cyber hygiene.

---

📝 Mains Pointers

A. Why Cybersecurity Is a National Priority

Critical Infrastructure Vulnerability: A single cyberattack can paralyze power, telecom, or transport systems.

Digital Economy Exposure: India’s UPI, digital banking, and Aadhaar-based systems are high-risk targets.

Defence Espionage: DRDO and ISRO have faced cyber intrusions by foreign actors.

Hybrid Warfare: Cyberattacks are used alongside disinformation and diplomatic disruption.

AI & Quantum Threats: Traditional firewalls fail against AI-generated malware and future quantum decryption.

---

B. Challenges to Cyber Defence in India

Challenge	Explanation
Skill Deficit	India faces a shortfall of 2 million cybersecurity professionals.
Patchy Legal Framework	IT Act 2000 is outdated; no standalone Cybersecurity Law.
Lack of Coordinated Command	Civil and military cyber defence work in silos.
Cyber Hygiene Gap	Many government offices use unpatched software and weak authentication.
Import Dependence	High reliance on foreign hardware and operating systems increases backdoor risks.

---

C. Government Responses So Far

National Cyber Security Policy (2013) – under revision for 2024

Cyber Swachhta Kendra: Botnet cleaning and malware detection for citizens

National Cyber Coordination Centre (NCCC): Intelligence sharing and threat response

New Data Protection Act (2023): Provides legal framework for data sovereignty and breach reporting

Cybercrime Units: Trained officers in every district under Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C)

---

D. Way Forward

National Cybersecurity Law: Introduce a comprehensive legislation covering both civil and critical infra.

Public-Private Partnerships: Collaborate with Indian IT firms and ethical hackers for red-teaming defence systems.

Skilling Programmes: Expand Cyber Shiksha & AICTE-backed courses for students and civil servants.

Zero Trust Architecture: Apply strict user and device authentication protocols in all government systems.

International Cyber Diplomacy: Join frameworks like the Paris Call for Trust and Security in Cyberspace.

---

🧩 Conclusion

Cyberwarfare is not a future threat—it is a present danger that transcends borders, sectors, and battlefields. For India, safeguarding digital sovereignty is integral to national security, economic resilience, and global credibility. A unified, proactive, and resilient cybersecurity doctrine is no longer optional—it is essential.

👑 Sati Sadhani Divas: Honouring Assam’s Chutia Queen & Ethno-Historical Legacy

📘 GS Paper 1: History & Culture | Tribal Heritage | Women in Indian History
📘 GS Paper 2: Issues Related to Tribal Communities | Regional Identity

---

🔹 Introduction

Sati Sadhani Divas, observed every year on April 21, commemorates the heroic sacrifice of Queen Sadhani, the last monarch of the Chutia dynasty of Assam. Her legacy is a powerful symbol of tribal resistance, gender courage, and cultural pride, particularly among the Chutia, Moran, and Muttock communities in Upper Assam.

---

🔑 Key Details

Feature	Description
Identity	Sati Sadhani, queen of the Chutia dynasty
Period	16th century (around 1524 CE)
Known For	Martyrdom after resisting Ahom annexation of the Chutia kingdom
Mode of Death	Chose death over dishonour after the fall of her kingdom
Commemoration	State government observes April 21 as Sati Sadhani Divas
Recognised By	Assam Govt; growing demand for national recognition

---

🧠 Prelims Pointers

Chutia Kingdom: A powerful tribal kingdom in Upper Assam from the 12th to 16th century.

Ahom–Chutia Conflict: The Chutia kingdom was annexed by the Ahoms under Suhungmung (Dihingia Raja).

Sati Sadhani Award: Instituted by the Assam government to honour contributions to society and tribal heritage.

Muttock & Moran Tribes: Socio-cultural descendents of the Chutias; demand for ST status in Assam.

Sati Sadhani Statue: Installed at various historical sites including Sadiya and Dhemaji.

---

📝 Mains Pointers

A. Why Sati Sadhani Matters Today

Gender Empowerment Symbol: A historical female figure who embodies courage, agency, and honour.

Ethnic Identity Assertion: Central to the cultural self-definition of Chutia and related tribes.

Narrative Correction: Her story challenges male-dominated historical discourse in medieval Assam.

Decentralised Historiography: Celebrating local heroes promotes inclusivity in national history narratives.

Demands for ST Status: Linked to identity movements among Chutia descendants in Assam.

---

B. Issues Surrounding Tribal Histories in Assam

Issue	Explanation
Mainstream Neglect	Tribal rulers like Sati Sadhani often missing from national textbooks.
Politicization of Ethnic Icons	Used for electoral mobilization without genuine community development.
ST Status Debate	Chutia (non-ST) communities demand constitutional recognition and affirmative action.
Loss of Oral Traditions	Folk ballads, dances, and histories of the Chutia people are fading.
Cultural Misrepresentation	Many tribal legacies reduced to symbols without institutional preservation.

---

C. State Initiatives

Sati Sadhani Award: Given annually for contributions in literature, culture, and social work.

Observance Day: Government events on April 21 promoting Chutia history and tribal pride.

Tribal Research Institutes (TRIs): Document tribal histories and oral literature (needs expansion in Assam).

Museums & Archives: Initiatives under consideration to preserve Chutia-era artefacts and folklore.

---

D. Way Forward

Include Tribal Heroines in Textbooks: National curriculum must feature regional women leaders like Sati Sadhani.

Document Oral Histories: Fund academic projects on Chutia folklore, songs, and community traditions.

ST Status Review Committee: Ensure fair and data-driven decision-making on inclusion demands.

Cultural Tourism Circuits: Promote heritage sites linked to the Chutia kingdom in Sadiya, Lakhimpur, and Dhemaji.

Empower Tribal Women Leadership: Use Sati Sadhani’s legacy to inspire tribal youth and women in governance.

---

🧩 Conclusion

Sati Sadhani is not just a historical figure—she is a living symbol of courage, resistance, and identity for millions in Assam. Her story deserves a prominent place in India’s collective memory, and her values should inspire inclusive governance and gender-just policies, especially for India’s tribal heartlands.

APSC Prelims Practice Questions

🇧🇹 Topic 1: Assam–Bhutan Strategic Connectivity

Q1. Consider the following pairs:

Infrastructure	Strategic Purpose
Jogighopa MMLP	Multimodal trade hub for Assam–Bhutan–Bangladesh
National Waterway-2	River transport via the Barak River
Inland Water Terminal at Jogighopa	Enhances Brahmaputra-based cargo trade

Which of the above pairs are correctly matched?

A. 1 and 3 only
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. All of the above

✅ Answer: A

🧠 Explanation:

• Pair 1: ✅ Correct – Jogighopa MMLP boosts connectivity for Bhutan, Bangladesh, and Assam.
• Pair 2: ❌ Incorrect – National Waterway-2 runs along the Brahmaputra, not the Barak River.
• Pair 3: ✅ Correct – Inland Water Terminal enhances Brahmaputra navigation for trade.

---

Q2. The India–Bhutan Friendship Treaty (2007) is significant because:

1. It grants India oversight over Bhutan’s foreign policy.
2. It allows mutual cooperation while respecting each other’s sovereignty.
3. It replaces the earlier 1949 Treaty.

Select the correct answer:

A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. All of the above

✅ Answer: B

🧠 Explanation:

• Statement 1 is outdated — the 2007 revision removed India’s direct influence over Bhutan’s foreign policy.
• Statements 2 and 3 are correct — the treaty modernized the relationship with equal sovereignty and cooperation.

---

🧠 Topic 2: Care Homes & Disability Regulation in Assam

Q3. Which of the following provisions is/are part of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (RPwD) Act, 2016?

1. Mandatory registration of all disability care homes.
2. Reservation in higher education and government jobs.
3. Legal penalty for abuse or neglect of PwDs in institutions.

A. 1 and 2 only
B. 1 and 3 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. All of the above

✅ Answer: D

🧠 Explanation:

• All three are provisions under the RPwD Act, 2016.
• Section 50 mandates registration; Sections 34 and 92 deal with reservations and penal provisions.

---

Q4. The Accessible India Campaign is mainly aimed at:

A. Digitizing citizen grievance systems for rural India
B. Enabling access to assistive tech for elderly
C. Promoting barrier-free access to buildings, transport, and ICT for PwDs
D. Skilling tribal youth in assistive manufacturing

✅ Answer: C

🧠 Explanation:
Launched in 2015, the Accessible India Campaign (Sugamya Bharat Abhiyan) focuses on universal accessibility in physical infrastructure, public transport, and digital platforms for persons with disabilities.

---

🛡️ Topic 3: Cybersecurity & India’s Defence Preparedness

Q5. Consider the following agencies:

1. CERT-In
2. NCIIPC
3. DCA (Defence Cyber Agency)
4. I4C (Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre)

Which of the above are directly involved in India’s cyber defence and protection of critical infrastructure?

A. 1, 2 and 3 only
B. 1 and 4 only
C. 2, 3 and 4 only
D. All of the above

✅ Answer: A

🧠 Explanation:

• CERT-In – Responds to civilian cyber threats.
• NCIIPC – Protects critical infrastructure.
• DCA – Handles defence cyber operations.
• I4C – Deals with law enforcement coordination on cybercrime, not core infrastructure defence.

---

Q6. Which of the following threats is India most likely to face in cyberwarfare?

1. Disruption of energy grids
2. Espionage on DRDO/ISRO servers
3. Manipulation of UPI and banking systems
4. Missile system hijacking through GPS spoofing

A. 1, 2 and 3 only
B. 2, 3 and 4 only
C. All of the above
D. 1 and 4 only

✅ Answer: C

🧠 Explanation:
All listed are realistic threats India faces from state and non-state actors. In fact, Mumbai’s 2020 blackout and AIIMS ransomware reflect this growing vulnerability.

---

👑 Topic 4: Sati Sadhani Divas & Chutia Heritage

Q7. Consider the following statements about Sati Sadhani:

1. She was a queen of the Ahom dynasty in the 17th century.
2. She is remembered for resisting colonial British expansion in Assam.
3. Her martyrdom is commemorated on April 21 every year.

Which of the statements is/are correct?

A. 3 only
B. 1 and 3 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. All of the above

✅ Answer: A

🧠 Explanation:

• ❌ Statement 1: She belonged to the Chutia dynasty, not the Ahoms.
• ❌ Statement 2: She lived in the 16th century, long before the British era.
• ✅ Statement 3: April 21 is observed as Sati Sadhani Divas in Assam.

---

Q8. The Chutia kingdom, whose last queen was Sati Sadhani, was historically known for:

A. Founding the city of Guwahati
B. Establishing the Bodo script
C. Controlling parts of Upper Assam before the Ahoms
D. Defeating the Mughals in the Battle of Saraighat

✅ Answer: C

🧠 Explanation:
The Chutia kingdom (12th–16th century) controlled large parts of Upper Assam before being annexed by the Ahoms. They were known for hydraulic engineering, temple-building, and rice cultivation.

APSC Mains Practice Question

📝 Mains Question (GS Paper 3 – Internal Security | Technology | Governance)

Q.

“Cyberwarfare is no longer science fiction — it is a real and immediate threat to national security.”
In the context of recent cyberattacks on critical infrastructure, examine the preparedness of India’s cyber defence architecture. Suggest a holistic strategy for strengthening India’s digital sovereignty.

---

✅ Model Answer

---

🔹 Introduction

Cyberwarfare has rapidly evolved into a frontline national security threat. India — home to the world’s largest digital public infrastructure (UPI, Aadhaar, Digital India) — faces increasing risks from state-sponsored cyberattacks, ransomware, data theft, and espionage. Recent incidents like the AIIMS ransomware attack, alleged Chinese grid hacking (2020), and attacks on defence R&D facilities reveal glaring gaps in preparedness.

---

🔹 Why Cybersecurity Is Crucial for India

Sector	Impact of Breach
Critical Infrastructure	Power grids, telecom, banking — can paralyze the economy
Defence & Space	Espionage on DRDO/ISRO weakens strategic autonomy
Health & Data	Leaks from Aadhaar/health data erode trust and citizen safety
Digital Economy	UPI, digital rupee vulnerable to manipulation
Diplomatic Fallout	Attribution of attacks may strain international relations

---

🔹 Current Preparedness Framework in India

Institution	Role
CERT-In	Monitors and responds to civilian cyber threats
NCIIPC	Protects critical information infrastructure (e.g., power, banking)
Defence Cyber Agency (DCA)	Handles cyber defence and offence for military
National Cyber Coordination Centre (NCCC)	Inter-agency threat intelligence
I4C & Cyber Crime Portals	Civil police response to cyber fraud and harassment

---

🔹 Key Gaps in India’s Cyber Defence

Gap	Explanation
No Dedicated Cybersecurity Law	The IT Act 2000 is outdated for modern AI/quantum threats
Siloed Architecture	Civil and defence cyber units often lack coordination
Human Capital Deficit	Over 2 million cybersecurity professionals needed by 2027
Dependence on Foreign Tech	OS, chips, and routers largely imported — potential backdoors
Low Cyber Awareness	Government departments and small businesses lack basic hygiene

---

🔹 Global Best Practices India Can Adopt

• Zero Trust Architecture (US): Authenticate every user, every time
• Cyber Command Integration (Israel): Merged military-civil cyber command
• Critical Infra Simulations (Singapore): AI-powered real-time breach drills
• Digital Sovereignty Investments (France): Promoting local cloud and chip industry

---

🔹 Way Forward: A Holistic Cybersecurity Strategy

1. Legislative Reform

• Enact a National Cybersecurity Law with clear breach protocols, penalties, and grievance redressal.
• Update Data Protection Act to reflect evolving threats from AI and quantum computing.

2. Institutional Synergy

• Merge civilian and military frameworks into a Unified Cyber Command under NSCS (National Security Council Secretariat).
• Create District Cyber Cells with trained staff and dedicated budget.

3. Skilling and Capacity Building

• Launch a National Cyber Talent Mission under Skill India and AICTE.
• Offer scholarships, cyber bootcamps, and coding-for-security modules in universities.

4. Promote Indigenous Tech Ecosystem

• Incentivize home-grown OS (like Bharat OS), cloud servers, and firewall software.
• Support MSMEs in securing digital supply chains.

5. Public Awareness and Hygiene

• Mandatory cyber audits for all public offices.
• Introduce Cyber Hygiene Curriculum at school and college levels.

6. International Cyber Diplomacy

• Advocate norms of cyberspace conduct under UN frameworks.
• Join and lead global coalitions like the Paris Call for Trust in Cyberspace.

---

🔹 Conclusion

India stands at a crossroads where its digital power must be matched by digital defence. Cyberwarfare is not a distant threat—it is happening now, silently and swiftly. To secure its sovereignty, economy, and citizen rights, India must adopt a multi-layered, tech-enabled, and legally sound cyber strategy. The time to act is not tomorrow—it is now.India stands at a crossroads where its digital power must be matched by digital defence. Cyberwarfare is not a distant threat—it is happening now, silently and swiftly. To secure its sovereignty, economy, and citizen rights, India must adopt a multi-layered, tech-enabled, and legally sound cyber strategy. The time to act is not tomorrow—it is now.

✨ APSC Prelims Crash Course, 2025

🔔 Join Our WhatsApp Study Group!

For exclusive access to premium quality content, including study materials, current affairs, MCQs, and model answers for APSC CCE and other Assam competitive exams.

Click here to join: SuchitraACS Study WhatsApp Group

📚 Want to know more about SuchitraACS’s most affordable courses?

Click here to know more: SuchitraACS Courses for APSC CCE and Assam Competitive Examinations