APSC Current Affairs: Assam Tribune Notes with MCQs and Answer Writing (09/11/2024)
For APSC CCE and other Assam Competitive examinations aspirants, staying updated with current affairs is vital. This blog covers most important topics from the Assam Tribune today (09-11-2024). These issues are key for both APSC Prelims and Mains preparation, offering insights into the APSC CCE Syllabus.
Topic 1: NSCN-IM’s Renewed Threat of Armed Struggle in Nagaland
GS Paper 3: Internal Security
Introduction:
The National Socialist Council of Nagalim (Isak-Muivah) [NSCN-IM] has issued a renewed threat to end its 27-year ceasefire with the Indian government, insisting on its demands for a separate Naga national flag and constitution. The ceasefire, established in 1997, has aimed at a peaceful resolution through sustained dialogue.
Key Points:
- NSCN-IM’s demand for a separate flag and constitution has been a major point of contention in peace talks.
- Despite the 2015 Framework Agreement, signed in the presence of Prime Minister Narendra Modi, the stalemate over the group’s core demands continues.
- The group has warned of resuming an “armed struggle” if its demands are not met.
Prelims Pointers:
- NSCN-IM: An insurgent group in Nagaland advocating for Naga sovereignty.
- Framework Agreement: A 2015 accord aimed at finding a peaceful solution to the Naga issue.
- Ceasefire Agreement: A 1997 pact that halted violent conflict between the Indian government and NSCN-IM.
Mains Pointers:
- Importance:
- Peace and Stability: Ensures stability in the Northeast, crucial for economic and social development.
- National Security: A stable Nagaland aids India’s internal security, minimizing insurgency threats.
- Diplomatic Relations: Fulfilling demands strategically can build trust between the government and ethnic groups.
- Tourism Growth: A peaceful Nagaland attracts tourism, boosting the region’s economy.
- Economic Development: Reduced insurgency enables better implementation of development projects.
- Challenges:
- Political Fragmentation: Divisions among Naga factions create barriers to a unified agreement.
- Resistance to Compromise: NSCN-IM’s demands for a flag and constitution face legal and political resistance.
- Local Autonomy Concerns: Granting concessions could set precedents for other separatist movements.
- Administrative Costs: Managing insurgency demands considerable resources, impacting governance.
- Cultural Integration: Assimilating insurgent groups while preserving ethnic identity remains complex.
- Way Ahead:
- Inclusive Dialogue: Engage multiple stakeholders to build a broad consensus among Naga groups.
- Decentralization: Empower local governance structures to meet cultural and administrative aspirations.
- Strategic Compromise: Offer symbolic concessions while maintaining territorial integrity.
- Economic Initiatives: Boost development projects in Nagaland to integrate the state economically.
- Confidence-Building Measures: Implement initiatives to assure NSCN-IM of the government’s commitment to peace.
Conclusion:
Sustained efforts towards a peaceful resolution are essential to address the aspirations of the Naga people and uphold national unity. A balanced approach, combining negotiation and development, can lead to a long-lasting solution in Nagaland.
Topic 2: Digital Payment Initiative by Northeast Frontier Railway
GS Paper 3: Economy, Infrastructure Development
Introduction:
The Northeast Frontier Railway (NFR) has introduced QR code machines at 588 booking counters across its divisions to support Digital India initiatives and facilitate cashless transactions. This step aims to make ticketing easier and reduce physical interaction.
Key Points:
- QR code-based payment systems are now operational in Rangiya, Lumding, Tinsukia, Alipurduar, and Katihar divisions.
- The initiative is especially beneficial during the festive rush, allowing passengers to avoid lengthy queues.
- NFR’s move supports Digital India’s goals of minimizing cash handling and improving customer convenience.
Prelims Pointers:
- Digital India: A government initiative to boost digital services, including cashless transactions.
- QR Code Ticketing: A technology enabling ticket purchase through digital platforms for cashless transactions.
- Northeast Frontier Railway (NFR): A railway zone serving Northeast India, emphasizing infrastructure modernization.
Mains Pointers:
- Importance:
- Improved Customer Experience: Reduces wait times and enhances ticketing convenience for passengers.
- Promoting Digital Literacy: Encourages digital transaction adoption, particularly in rural areas.
- Efficiency and Cost Savings: Cashless systems reduce operational costs related to cash handling.
- Environmental Impact: Minimizes paper use, contributing to sustainability.
- Security: Cashless transactions reduce risks associated with cash handling and enhance transaction security.
- Challenges:
- Digital Literacy Gap: Limited awareness about digital transactions among rural travelers.
- Infrastructure Requirements: QR systems need reliable network connectivity, challenging in remote areas.
- Cybersecurity Risks: Increased digital transactions may expose the system to cyber threats.
- Resistance to Change: Traditional travelers may prefer cash transactions due to familiarity.
- Maintenance and Upkeep: Requires ongoing maintenance of digital infrastructure to prevent disruptions.
- Way Ahead:
- Awareness Programs: Conduct campaigns to educate rural travelers about digital payment benefits.
- Network Improvement: Collaborate with telecom providers to enhance connectivity at all stations.
- Enhanced Security Protocols: Implement robust cybersecurity measures to safeguard digital transactions.
- Feedback Mechanism: Create channels to collect passenger feedback on digital ticketing.
- Expand Coverage: Gradually expand QR code ticketing across all NFR stations.
Conclusion:
The NFR’s QR code initiative marks a positive shift toward digitalization, aligning with India’s vision of a cashless economy. Through infrastructure support and user awareness, this initiative can significantly streamline the travel experience for Northeast passengers.
Topic 3: Statue Installation for Freedom Fighter Babu Chabilal Upadhyaya
GS Paper 1: Indian Freedom Struggle, Culture and Heritage
Introduction:
The Assam government has announced plans to erect a statue in honor of Babu Chabilal Upadhyaya, a prominent leader of the Gorkha community and freedom fighter, in Guwahati. The statue aims to honor his contributions to India’s freedom struggle and the Gorkha community.
Key Points:
- Chief Minister Himanta Biswa Sarma has directed the Guwahati Metropolitan Development Authority to identify a prominent site.
- The decision emphasizes Upadhyaya’s role in Assam’s socio-political landscape and the state’s commitment to honoring its freedom fighters.
- The project aims to foster a sense of pride and historical awareness among Assam’s residents.
Prelims Pointers:
- Babu Chabilal Upadhyaya: A freedom fighter from Assam’s Gorkha community who played a key role in India’s independence movement.
- Gorkha Community: A significant ethnic group in Assam with roots in Nepal, known for its contributions to India’s military and freedom struggle.
- Guwahati Metropolitan Development Authority (GMDA): Responsible for urban planning and development projects in Guwahati.
Mains Pointers:
- Importance:
- Historical Recognition: Acknowledges the contributions of lesser-known freedom fighters in India’s struggle for independence.
- Cultural Representation: Reflects Assam’s diverse cultural heritage and the contributions of the Gorkha community.
- Social Unity: Strengthens the Gorkha community’s ties to Assam’s socio-cultural fabric.
- Inspiration for Youth: Acts as a source of motivation for younger generations to understand and appreciate historical sacrifices.
- Promotion of Tourism: Adds to Guwahati’s attractions, potentially drawing visitors interested in historical sites.
- Challenges:
- Site Selection: Choosing a suitable location that ensures accessibility and visibility.
- Funding and Maintenance: Adequate funds are required for construction and ongoing upkeep.
- Community Engagement: Involving the Gorkha community in planning to ensure cultural sensitivity.
- Potential Controversies: Historical figures may evoke varying sentiments, leading to public debate.
- Educational Outreach: Ensuring that the historical context of the figure is effectively communicated.
- Way Ahead:
- Inclusive Planning: Involve community leaders in the planning stages to gather support and ensure respect for cultural values.
- Public Awareness Campaigns: Use media and educational institutions to spread awareness about Babu Chabilal Upadhyaya’s legacy.
- Dedicated Funding: Establish a dedicated fund for the maintenance of the statue.
- Integration with Tourism: Include the statue in cultural and historical tourism circuits in Guwahati.
- Interactive Displays: Install information panels around the statue to educate visitors on Assam’s role in India’s freedom movement.
Conclusion:
The planned statue of Babu Chabilal Upadhyaya represents Assam’s effort to honor its diverse freedom fighters. With proper planning and community engagement, this initiative can contribute to cultural unity and historical education.
Topic 4: Vision Document for Peace and Development in BTC Region
GS Paper 2: Governance, Regional Development
Introduction:
The Bodoland Territorial Council (BTC) has concluded a consultative meeting to draft a comprehensive Vision Document, aiming to promote peace, prosperity, and inclusivity among all communities in the BTC region. BTC Chief Executive Member (CEM) Pramod Boro emphasized creating a harmonious and economically prosperous region through collaborative efforts.
Key Points:
- The document focuses on fostering social unity, economic development, and environmental sustainability.
- Priority areas include infrastructure, healthcare, education, and environmental conservation.
- BTC’s Vision Document reflects the region’s commitment to addressing socio-political and economic issues inclusively.
Prelims Pointers:
- Bodoland Territorial Council (BTC): An autonomous council in Assam under the Sixth Schedule, formed to administer the Bodoland Territorial Region.
- Sixth Schedule: A constitutional provision providing autonomy to tribal areas in Northeast India.
Mains Pointers:
- Importance:
- Community Cohesion: Promotes peaceful coexistence among various ethnic communities in the BTC.
- Inclusive Development: Ensures marginalized groups receive adequate representation in development initiatives.
- Economic Growth: Infrastructure and development projects improve employment and income.
- Youth Empowerment: Education and vocational training programs strengthen regional talent.
- Environmental Conservation: Preserves the region’s biodiversity and mitigates climate-related risks.
- Challenges:
- Ethnic Tensions: Historical conflicts require a delicate approach to achieve harmony.
- Resource Constraints: Limited funds for comprehensive infrastructure and social projects.
- Administrative Complexity: Balancing autonomy with State and Central policies.
- Environmental Degradation: Deforestation and other environmental issues threaten sustainability.
- Skill Gap: Lack of skilled manpower for emerging sectors in the region.
- Way Ahead:
- Capacity Building: Invest in skill development for BTC youth to match job market demands.
- Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): Align BTC initiatives with national and global SDGs.
- Improved Governance: Implement transparent policies to boost public trust in BTC’s administration.
- Conflict Resolution Mechanisms: Establish a dedicated body for addressing ethnic and cultural disputes.
- Public Awareness Campaigns: Educate locals on peacebuilding and development goals.
Conclusion:
BTC’s Vision Document represents a strategic effort to build an inclusive and prosperous future for the Bodoland region. Sustainable development combined with a focus on peace and unity is crucial for BTC’s long-term success.
Topic 5: SPARSH – Health Initiative for Nonagenarians in Bajali
GS Paper 2: Health and Social Welfare
Introduction:
Bajali district administration, Assam, has launched “SPARSH,” a unique healthcare initiative to provide free annual health check-ups for nonagenarians (people in their 90s). The program, backed by the district’s Health Department, aims to improve elderly care through home-based health services.
Key Points:
- The health checks under SPARSH will be conducted twice a year to ensure the elderly’s well-being.
- The Bajali administration is using the voter list to identify eligible nonagenarians.
- The program reflects Assam’s commitment to improving senior citizens’ healthcare and well-being.
Prelims Pointers:
- SPARSH: A healthcare initiative aimed at providing accessible medical care to senior citizens, specifically nonagenarians.
- Nonagenarian: A person aged between 90 and 99.
Mains Pointers:
- Importance:
- Elderly Care: Improves the quality of life and healthcare access for Assam’s elderly.
- Healthcare Inclusivity: Ensures that elderly populations, especially those in rural areas, receive medical attention.
- Government Welfare: Strengthens social welfare initiatives and reflects Assam’s commitment to social responsibility.
- Community Support: Promotes empathy and care for the elderly within the community.
- Public Health: Timely health checks can reduce long-term healthcare costs by addressing issues early.
- Challenges:
- Limited Resources: Availability of medical personnel and resources in rural areas may be restricted.
- Awareness: Lack of awareness regarding the program could limit its reach.
- Infrastructure Gaps: Inadequate healthcare facilities in rural areas hinder effective service delivery.
- Logistical Constraints: Challenges in regularly reaching remote elderly populations.
- Data Collection: Ensuring accurate identification and tracking of beneficiaries.
- Way Ahead:
- Awareness Drives: Use media to inform eligible families about SPARSH and its benefits.
- Mobile Medical Units: Deploy mobile healthcare units to reach the elderly in remote locations.
- Training Local Volunteers: Train local volunteers to assist medical teams during check-ups.
- Regular Monitoring: Develop a system to track health data and follow-up needs of beneficiaries.
- Collaboration with NGOs: Partner with non-governmental organizations to expand reach and effectiveness.
Conclusion:
SPARSH is a pioneering step in elderly healthcare, showcasing Assam’s dedication to social welfare. Such initiatives, with consistent support and outreach, can ensure dignified and comprehensive healthcare for senior citizens.
APSC Prelims Practice Questions
Topic 1: NSCN-IM’s Renewed Threat of Armed Struggle in Nagaland
Question 1: With reference to the National Socialist Council of Nagalim (Isak-Muivah) [NSCN-IM], consider the following statements:
- The NSCN-IM signed a ceasefire agreement with the Indian government in 1997.
- The group’s demands include a separate Naga national flag and constitution.
- The Framework Agreement was signed in 2021 to resolve issues with NSCN-IM.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 1 and 3 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, and 3
Answer: A. 1 and 2 only
Explanation:
- Statement 1 is correct. The NSCN-IM entered into a ceasefire agreement with the Indian government in 1997.
- Statement 2 is correct. NSCN-IM has long demanded a separate Naga flag and constitution as part of its aspirations.
- Statement 3 is incorrect. The Framework Agreement was signed in 2015, not 2021, as part of the peace process between the Indian government and NSCN-IM.
Thus, the correct answer is A.
Topic 2: Digital Payment Initiative by Northeast Frontier Railway
Question 2: Which of the following statements about digital payments in Indian Railways is/are correct?
- QR code-based payment systems have been introduced by Northeast Frontier Railway (NFR) at 588 booking counters.
- Digital payments in railways aim to support the goals of the Digital India initiative.
- The use of QR code payments is mandatory at all railway booking counters in the Northeast.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
A. 1 only
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, and 3
Answer: B. 1 and 2 only
Explanation:
- Statement 1 is correct. The Northeast Frontier Railway has introduced QR code-based payments at 588 booking counters to facilitate cashless transactions.
- Statement 2 is correct. This initiative aligns with the Digital India program, promoting cashless transactions and digital literacy.
- Statement 3 is incorrect. The use of QR code payments is not mandatory at all railway counters; it is an added facility to support cashless transactions.
Thus, the correct answer is B.
Topic 3: Statue Installation for Freedom Fighter Babu Chabilal Upadhyaya
Question 3: With reference to Babu Chabilal Upadhyaya, consider the following statements:
- He was a prominent leader of the Gorkha community in Assam and played a role in India’s freedom struggle.
- His contributions are primarily recognized in the state of Sikkim.
- The Assam government has announced plans to install his statue in Guwahati.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
A. 1 and 3 only
B. 1 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, and 3
Answer: A. 1 and 3 only
Explanation:
- Statement 1 is correct. Babu Chabilal Upadhyaya was a freedom fighter and a respected figure within Assam’s Gorkha community.
- Statement 2 is incorrect. His contributions are primarily recognized in Assam, not Sikkim.
- Statement 3 is correct. The Assam government has indeed announced plans to erect a statue in his honor in Guwahati.
Thus, the correct answer is A.
Topic 4: Vision Document for Peace and Development in BTC Region
Question 4: Which of the following statements about the Bodoland Territorial Council (BTC) is/are correct?
- The BTC is an autonomous council under the Sixth Schedule of the Indian Constitution.
- The BTC Vision Document focuses on infrastructure development, environmental conservation, and social unity.
- BTC administers the entire state of Assam.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 1 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, and 3
Answer: A. 1 and 2 only
Explanation:
- Statement 1 is correct. The BTC is an autonomous council under the Sixth Schedule, providing self-governance to tribal areas in Assam.
- Statement 2 is correct. The Vision Document of BTC prioritizes infrastructure, conservation, and social unity.
- Statement 3 is incorrect. BTC does not administer the entire state of Assam; it governs specific districts within the Bodoland Territorial Region (BTR).
Thus, the correct answer is A.
Topic 5: SPARSH – Health Initiative for Nonagenarians in Bajali
Question 5: With reference to the SPARSH health initiative in Bajali district, consider the following statements:
- SPARSH is a healthcare initiative aimed at providing annual health check-ups for people in their 90s.
- The Bajali administration is utilizing the voter list to identify eligible beneficiaries.
- SPARSH covers both medical and pension benefits for the elderly.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 1 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, and 3
Answer: A. 1 and 2 only
Explanation:
Statement 3 is incorrect. SPARSH focuses on healthcare services but does not include pension benefits for the elderly.
Thus, the correct answer is A.
Statement 1 is correct. SPARSH is specifically designed to provide healthcare check-ups for nonagenarians, i.e., individuals in their 90s.
Statement 2 is correct. The Bajali administration is using the voter list to identify eligible nonagenarians in the district.
APSC Mains Practice Question
Topic: Role of Autonomous Councils in Promoting Peace and Development in Northeast India
Question: Critically examine the role of autonomous councils like the Bodoland Territorial Council (BTC) in promoting peace and development in the Northeast. What challenges do these councils face, and suggest measures to enhance their effectiveness.(250 words)
Model Answer:
Introduction:
Autonomous councils under the Sixth Schedule of the Indian Constitution, such as the Bodoland Territorial Council (BTC), aim to empower tribal regions with self-governance to address local needs. In the Northeast, they play a crucial role in fostering peace, addressing ethnic aspirations, and promoting development.
Body:
Role of Autonomous Councils in Peace and Development:
- Conflict Resolution: Autonomous councils provide a legal platform to address ethnic aspirations, helping reduce insurgency and foster peace.
- Localized Governance: They empower local leaders to make decisions, ensuring that governance is responsive to the unique needs of the community.
- Cultural Preservation: Councils protect local cultures, languages, and traditions, which strengthens the identity and unity of the tribal population.
- Economic Development: Councils focus on region-specific economic initiatives, such as agriculture and tourism, generating local employment.
- Infrastructure Growth: Councils play a key role in infrastructure projects, improving connectivity, healthcare, and education in tribal areas.
Challenges:
- Ethnic Tensions: Historical ethnic divisions pose challenges in fostering inclusivity and unity within council regions.
- Limited Financial Resources: Dependence on state and central funds restricts autonomy and long-term planning.
- Administrative Gaps: Inadequate administrative capacity hinders efficient delivery of services.
- Political Interference: Overlap with state administration can lead to delays and political conflicts, affecting governance.
- Developmental Disparities: Resource distribution may lead to disparities within and between council areas, impacting growth.
Measures to Enhance Effectiveness:
- Capacity Building: Invest in administrative training to improve governance efficiency in council regions.
- Financial Autonomy: Increase financial grants and allow councils to generate local revenue.
- Inclusive Governance: Promote representation of all ethnic groups to foster unity and mitigate tensions.
- Transparent Resource Allocation: Ensure equitable distribution of funds and resources within council areas.
- Regular Monitoring and Accountability: Strengthen accountability mechanisms to track developmental outcomes.
Conclusion:
Autonomous councils like BTC are pivotal to promoting peace and development in Northeast India. By addressing administrative, financial, and social challenges, these councils can enhance their role in achieving sustainable and inclusive growth in the region.
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