APSC Answer Writing (Daily) based on Assam Tribune – 19/03/2026
For APSC CCE and other Assam Competitive examinations aspirants, practicing Daily Answer Writing is vital. This blog covers the most important Main question and its model Answer from the Assam Tribune today (19-03-2026).
GS Mains Model Question
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From The Assam Tribune, 19 March 2026
Q. “Climate variability and emerging phenomena like El Niño pose significant challenges to India’s monsoon-dependent economy.”
Discuss the impact of El Niño on the Indian monsoon, with special reference to Northeast India, and suggest measures to mitigate its adverse effects. (250 words)
Model answer
Model Answer
Introduction
El Niño, a phase of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), is characterized by abnormal warming of the central and eastern Pacific Ocean. Forecasts indicating a possible El Niño event in 2026 have raised concerns about below-normal monsoon rainfall and rising temperatures, especially in vulnerable regions like Northeast India.
Impact on Indian Monsoon
1. Weakening of Monsoon Circulation
- El Niño disrupts Walker Circulation, reducing moisture-laden winds
- Leads to deficient rainfall across India
2. Rainfall Variability in Northeast India
- Region already experiencing consecutive years of below-normal rainfall
- Increased risk of drought-like conditions
3. Agricultural Impacts
- Reduced rainfall affects kharif crops and food security
- Impacts tea cultivation and rice production in Assam
4. Rising Temperatures & Heat Stress
- El Niño years are associated with warmer-than-normal conditions
5. Economic Consequences
- Leads to inflation (food prices)
- Affects rural livelihoods and overall economic growth
Challenges
- Uncertain predictability of ENSO events
- Regional variability in impact
- Limited climate-resilient infrastructure
- Dependence on monsoon for agriculture
Measures to Mitigate Impact
1. Strengthening Forecasting Systems
- Improve accuracy using satellite data, AI models
2. Climate-Resilient Agriculture
- Promote drought-resistant crops and crop diversification
3. Water Resource Management
- Rainwater harvesting and efficient irrigation techniques
4. Disaster Preparedness
- Early warning systems and contingency planning
5. Policy Integration
- Integrate climate risks into development planning
Conclusion
El Niño remains a critical determinant of India’s monsoon variability. Building resilience through scientific forecasting, adaptive agriculture, and proactive governance is essential to safeguard economic stability and livelihoods, particularly in climate-sensitive regions like Northeast India.
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