APSC Answer Writing (Daily) based on Assam Tribune – 06/10/2025

Model answer

Introduction

Kaziranga National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site and home to two-thirds of the world’s one-horned rhinoceroses, is both an ecological treasure and a livelihood source for thousands in Assam. The reopening of the Bagori Range in October 2025 after flood rehabilitation exemplifies how nature, conservation, and tourism coexist in a dynamic floodplain ecosystem shaped by the Brahmaputra.

Body

1️⃣ Significance of Kaziranga’s Reopening

• Ecological Renewal: Annual monsoon floods replenish wetlands and grasslands crucial for rhinos, elephants, and swamp deer.
• Economic Recovery: Tourism sustains over 10,000 local livelihoods — from jeep drivers to homestay operators and craft sellers.
• Cultural Identity: Serves as a global symbol of Assam’s natural heritage and eco-consciousness.
• Conservation Awareness: Visitor education fosters empathy and citizen support for wildlife protection.

2️⃣ Challenges in Balancing Tourism & Conservation

3️⃣ Government & Institutional Measures

• Kaziranga Landscape Management Plan (2022–2032) – integrated habitat and corridor management.
• Smart Patrolling (STPF): Drone, GPS and e-surveillance towers for anti-poaching.
• Community-based Eco-tourism Projects: Homestays in Kohora and Bagori managed by local SHGs.
• Project Rhino (Assam): Unified anti-poaching and habitat restoration programme.
• Kaziranga–Karbi Anglong Landscape Corridors: Ensuring animal migration routes remain open during floods.

4️⃣ Path to Sustainable Eco-Tourism

1. Carrying Capacity Regulation: Limit safari permits; encourage off-peak tourism.
2. Revenue Sharing: 20–30% of tourism proceeds to be allocated for village welfare funds.
3. Eco-certification: Mandate green standards for hotels, lodges, and vehicles.
4. Alternative Experiences: Promote guided walking trails, birdwatching, and community festivals.
5. Disaster Preparedness: Build flood-resilient infrastructure using elevated walkways and bamboo architecture.
6. Technology Integration: Use AI and drones for crowd management and wildlife monitoring.

Conclusion

Kaziranga’s reopening after annual floods is a story of resilience and renewal. It highlights Assam’s capacity to harmonize ecological preservation with human welfare. Sustainable eco-tourism — rooted in community participation, scientific management, and environmental ethics — can transform Kaziranga into a model of inclusive conservation and a cornerstone of Assam’s green economy vision.