Table of Contents

APSC Answer Writing (Daily) based on Assam Tribune – 19/10/2024

For APSC CCE and other Assam Competitive examinations aspirants, practicing Daily Answer Writing is vital. This blog covers the most important Main question and its model Answer from the Assam Tribune today (19-10-2024).

Q. Migratory birds play a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance in regions like Assam. Analyze the importance of wetlands in Assam for migratory birds and the challenges they face. Suggest measures for the sustainable conservation of these wetlands while balancing the needs of local communities. (250 words)

Model Answer:

Introduction:
Assam’s wetlands, such as Deepor Beel and Kaziranga’s floodplains, serve as crucial habitats for migratory birds, especially during winter. These birds, arriving through the Central Asian and East Asian-Australasian flyways, contribute significantly to ecological balance and biodiversity.

Body:
Importance of Wetlands for Migratory Birds:

Habitat for Wintering and Breeding:
- Wetlands provide safe nesting and roosting sites for migratory birds, ensuring their survival during harsh winters in their native regions.
- Example: Deepor Beel is a designated Ramsar site, offering shelter to numerous species like the Siberian crane and Bar-headed goose.
Role in Ecosystem Services:
- Migratory birds aid in pest control, seed dispersal, and pollination, which helps maintain the health of wetland ecosystems.
- Their presence also supports the food web, benefiting aquatic life and other wetland-dependent species.
Boosting Ecotourism:
- The arrival of migratory birds attracts birdwatchers and researchers, promoting ecotourism and providing economic benefits to local communities.
- Example: Birdwatching activities in Kaziranga and Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary during winter months.

Challenges Faced by Wetlands and Migratory Birds:

Habitat Loss and Encroachment:
- Expansion of urban areas and agricultural fields has led to the shrinking of wetland habitats, affecting the feeding and roosting areas for birds.
Pollution and Water Quality Degradation:
- Industrial and domestic waste discharge into wetlands reduces water quality, impacting the availability of food for birds.
Climate Change:
- Changes in temperature and rainfall patterns affect migration routes, breeding cycles, and the availability of food resources for birds.
Unregulated Tourism:
- Increased tourist footfall during migration seasons can disturb the natural habitat of these birds, leading to stress and habitat disruption.

Measures for Sustainable Conservation:

Strengthening Legal Protections:
- Enforcing stricter regulations under the Wildlife Protection Act and expanding protection to more wetlands can help preserve habitats.
Community-Based Conservation:
- Involving local communities in the protection of wetlands can create a sense of ownership and responsibility towards conservation.
Restoring Degraded Wetlands:
- Initiating projects for the restoration of degraded wetlands can improve the availability of habitats for migratory birds.
Promoting Ecotourism with Guidelines:
- Developing eco-friendly tourism infrastructure and setting guidelines for tourist behavior can balance tourism with conservation needs.
Research and Monitoring:
- Continuous monitoring of bird populations and their habitats can help in early detection of threats and guide adaptive management strategies.

Conclusion:
The conservation of Assam’s wetlands is vital for supporting migratory bird populations and maintaining ecological balance. A collaborative approach involving government, communities, and NGOs, combined with sustainable tourism practices, can ensure the protection of these critical habitats while benefiting local livelihoods.

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