APSC Answer Writing (Daily) based on Assam Tribune – 28/08/2025
For APSC CCE and other Assam Competitive examinations aspirants, practicing Daily Answer Writing is vital. This blog covers the most important Main question and its model Answer from the Assam Tribune today (28-08-2025).
Q. “Recurring floods in Assam highlight the urgent need for transboundary water cooperation. Discuss the significance and challenges of India–Bhutan collaboration in flood management and suggest the way forward.”
🔹 Introduction
Floods in Assam are an annual calamity, affecting lives, agriculture, and infrastructure. A significant portion of these floods is caused by rivers originating in Bhutan such as Manas, Sankosh, Puthimari, and Pagladiya. Recent efforts by India and Bhutan to enhance data-sharing, joint monitoring, and river management mark a crucial step towards cooperative flood governance in the Brahmaputra basin.
🔹 Body
1. Significance of India–Bhutan River Cooperation
- Early Warning & Forecasting: Real-time data sharing helps Assam prepare for flash floods.
- Disaster Risk Reduction: Joint embankment planning reduces downstream vulnerabilities.
- Hydro-Diplomacy: Deepens bilateral ties beyond hydropower to water security.
- Sustainable Development: Enhances climate adaptation for Himalayan river systems.
- Community Benefits: Protects agriculture, fisheries, and rural livelihoods in Lower Assam.
2. Challenges in Cooperation
| Challenge | Explanation |
| Siltation & Sediment Load | Himalayan rivers carry huge silt, causing embankment breaches. |
| Technical Gaps | Limited forecasting models for hilly terrain. |
| Cross-Border Coordination | Requires institutional trust and constant dialogue. |
| Climate Change | Glacial melt and erratic rainfall intensify floods. |
| Infrastructure Deficit | Assam lacks adequate storage and basin-wide floodplain planning. |
3. Government Initiatives
- Flood Management & Border Areas Programme (FMBAP): Embankment and anti-erosion works.
- India–Bhutan Hydropower Agreements: Expanding scope to river management.
- World Bank-supported Assam Integrated River Basin Management Project.
- Regional Data-Sharing: Indian Meteorological Department and Bhutanese agencies.
4. Way Forward
- Institutional Mechanism: Create a Joint River Basin Authority for India–Bhutan rivers.
- Technological Integration: Use AI, satellite imaging, and Doppler radars for real-time forecasts.
- Eco-Friendly Flood Management: Promote wetland restoration and natural flood buffers.
- Community-Centric Approaches: Train local disaster response units in flood-prone districts.
- Regional Approach: Extend cooperation to Nepal and China for holistic Brahmaputra basin governance.
🔹 Conclusion
India–Bhutan cooperation in flood management is a strategic necessity for Assam, combining disaster preparedness with regional diplomacy. While technical and ecological challenges remain, a sustainable basin-level partnership can convert recurring floods into an opportunity for resilient development and stronger bilateral ties.
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