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APSC Answer Writing (Daily) based on Assam Tribune – 22/09/2025

For APSC CCE and other Assam Competitive examinations aspirants, practicing Daily Answer Writing is vital. This blog covers the most important Main question and its model Answer from the Assam Tribune today (22-09-2025).

📝 Model Answer

Q. “Despite conservation successes, the threat of poaching continues to endanger Kaziranga’s rhinos. Discuss the ecological, socio-economic, and governance dimensions of this challenge. Suggest measures for long-term sustainability.”
(GS Paper II – Judiciary & Governance | GS Paper III – Environment, Biodiversity Conservation | GS Paper V – Assam Ecology & Wildlife)

🔹 Introduction

Kaziranga National Park (KNP), a UNESCO World Heritage Site, hosts ~70% of the world’s one-horned rhinoceros population. While Assam has achieved historic milestones such as zero poaching years (2022–23), the recent High Court directive (2025) for stricter anti-poaching measures underscores the persistence of syndicate-driven wildlife crime, ecological vulnerabilities, and governance gaps.

🔹 Body

1️⃣ Ecological Significance

Flagship Species – Rhino is Assam’s state animal, central to grassland ecosystem.
Biodiversity Hotspot – Kaziranga shelters tigers, elephants, swamp deer, migratory birds.
Floodplain Ecosystem – Brahmaputra-driven wetlands critical for species survival.

2️⃣ Socio-Economic Dimensions

Tourism Revenue – Wildlife tourism sustains Assam’s economy, employment in hospitality.
Community Livelihoods – Locals depend on eco-tourism, yet vulnerable to poaching pressures.
Illegal Trade – Rhino horn fetches high prices in SE Asia (mythical medicinal value).
Human-Wildlife Conflict – Encroachment and floods increase friction with fringe populations.

3️⃣ Governance & Poaching Challenges

Organised Crime Networks – Transnational smuggling syndicates beyond local control.
Weak Convictions – Prosecution delays, poor evidence gathering.
Surveillance Gaps – Limited drones, night-vision, cyber tracking capacity.
Annual Floods – Displace animals onto highways, increasing vulnerability.
Corruption & Local Collusion – Insider support sometimes aids poachers.

4️⃣ Government & Judicial Efforts

Special Rhino Protection Force (2018) – Dedicated anti-poaching unit.
Highlands & Corridors – Artificial highlands, wildlife corridors for flood safety.
National Rhino Conservation Strategy (2019) – Relocation, population management.
Smart Surveillance – Drone pilots, thermal imaging, e-fencing.
Judicial Oversight (2025) – HC directives for fast-track courts, tech deployment.

5️⃣ Way Forward

Judicial Monitoring – Wildlife crime courts for speedy convictions.
Tech Integration – AI-enabled camera traps, GIS mapping, cyber intelligence on smuggling.
Regional Cooperation – India–Nepal–Bhutan–Bangladesh coordination under SAWEN (South Asia Wildlife Enforcement Network).
Community Stewardship – Eco-tourism benefits to local youth as “rhino guardians.”
Climate Adaptation – Strengthen flood-resilient wildlife shelters, restore Kaziranga–Karbi Anglong corridor.
Demand Reduction – Awareness campaigns in SE Asia against rhino horn myths.

🔹 Conclusion

Kaziranga’s conservation is both a global responsibility and a local necessity. While poaching has declined, complacency is dangerous. The High Court’s directive is timely in pushing for technology, governance reforms, and community participation. Only through a zero-tolerance, multi-dimensional approach can Assam secure its rhino legacy as a symbol of resilience, ecology, and cultural pride.opting a multi-pronged strategy—diversifying routes via Bangladesh, enhancing security, and fostering resilient infrastructure—India can keep the Northeast engaged with ASEAN markets. Assam, as the natural gateway, will remain pivotal in this process, provided governance and diplomacy adapt to geopolitical realities.

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