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APSC Answer Writing (Daily) based on Assam Tribune – 13/08/2025

For APSC CCE and other Assam Competitive examinations aspirants, practicing Daily Answer Writing is vital. This blog covers the most important Main question and its model Answer from the Assam Tribune today (13-08-2025).

GS Paper 2 – International Relations | GS Paper 3 – Infrastructure & Transport

(Also relevant to GS Paper 5 – Assam Specific)

Q. Examine the significance of enhancing India–Bangladesh inland water connectivity through Assam. Discuss the opportunities it presents and the challenges that need to be addressed for its optimal utilisation.

Introduction

The inland water connectivity between India and Bangladesh has gained renewed momentum through the expansion of routes under the Protocol on Inland Water Transit and Trade (PIWTT). Assam, with its strategic position along the Brahmaputra (NW-2) and Barak (NW-16) rivers, stands to become a pivotal hub in connecting the North-East with Bangladesh and the Bay of Bengal. This development aligns with India’s Act East Policy and sustainable transport goals.

Significance / Opportunities for Assam

Trade Efficiency
- Shortens cargo routes to sea ports, reducing transit costs and time.
- Enhances export potential for tea, horticulture, and bamboo.
Regional Integration
- Connects North-East India to South Asia and ASEAN markets via Bangladesh ports.
Sustainable Transport
- Inland waterways consume less fuel and cause lower carbon emissions than road or rail.
Tourism Potential
- Enables river cruises linking cultural and historical sites across the two nations.
Employment Generation
- Boosts local economies through logistics, hospitality, and allied services.

Challenges

Challenge	Explanation
Siltation & Navigability	Brahmaputra’s high sediment load reduces depth for vessels.
Seasonal Variability	Flooding in monsoons and shallow waters in winters disrupt navigation.
Infrastructure Deficit	Limited modern terminals, warehouses, and navigational aids.
Security Concerns	Smuggling and illegal crossings along river routes.
Inter-Agency Coordination	Multiple ministries and cross-border jurisdictions involved.

Government Initiatives

Jal Marg Vikas Project – Infrastructure development for inland waterways.
Sagarmala Programme – Integration of inland waterways with port-led development.
Assam Inland Water Transport Project (AIWTP) – World Bank-assisted modernisation of ferries and terminals.
India–Bangladesh Coordinated Patrols – Joint riverine security measures.

Way Forward

Regular Dredging & River Training – Maintain navigable depths throughout the year.
Modern Infrastructure – Build climate-resilient terminals, container depots, and digital cargo management systems.
Public–Private Partnerships – Attract private investment in cruise tourism and cargo services.
Integrated Transport Corridors – Seamless connectivity with road and rail networks.
Enhanced Bilateral Mechanisms – Institutionalised dialogue for resolving operational and security issues.

Conclusion

Strengthening India–Bangladesh inland water connectivity via Assam is not merely a transport project but a strategic economic and diplomatic initiative. If infrastructure bottlenecks and operational challenges are addressed through sustained investment and cross-border cooperation, Assam can emerge as the gateway to South-East Asia, driving both economic growth and regional integration.

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