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APSC Answer Writing (Daily) based on Assam Tribune – 12/12/2025

For APSC CCE and other Assam Competitive examinations aspirants, practicing Daily Answer Writing is vital. This blog covers the most important Main question and its model Answer from the Assam Tribune today (12-12-2025).

📝 GS-II / GS-III Mains Model Answer (Point-wise Format)

Question:

“The recent mass-casualty road accident in Arunachal Pradesh involving labourers from Assam highlights systemic failures in road safety governance, migrant labour welfare, and inter-state disaster coordination. Critically examine these issues and propose a comprehensive strategy to address them.”

⭐ MODEL ANSWER (Point-wise, UPSC/APSC Standard)

1. Introduction (Point-wise)

A tragic accident on the Hayuliang–Chaglagam Road in Arunachal Pradesh led to the deaths of 20 Assam labourers, when their vehicle plunged nearly 1,000 ft into a gorge.
The victims were migrant labourers from Tinsukia district engaged in a private construction project.
The event exposes structural weaknesses in hill-road engineering, labour safety compliance, and inter-state disaster management mechanisms.
It also raises concerns about governance oversight in remote border districts.

2. Systemic Issues Exposed by the Accident

A. Road Safety & Engineering Failures

Absence of guardrails, crash barriers, and reflective signage on steep curves.
Narrow single-lane roads with unstable slopes typical of Arunachal’s border terrain.
Poor maintenance by executing agencies such as BRO/GREF.
Lack of regular safety audits in high-risk zones.

B. Labour Welfare & Regulatory Lapses

Many labourers not formally registered under the Inter-State Migrant Workmen Act, 1979.
Unregulated contractor practices, including unsafe transport arrangements.
Inadequate insurance coverage and absence of mandatory safety briefings.
Confusion over total number of workers (22 vs 36) indicates poor labour documentation.

C. Disaster Response Constraints

Remote location and dense forests delayed rescue operations.
Limited helicopter suitability due to deep gorges.
Lack of pre-positioned rescue teams in vulnerable border districts.
Time lag in coordination between Assam and Arunachal authorities.

D. Governance & Institutional Gaps

Weak monitoring of private contractors by district administrations.
Labour departments of both States lack unified data systems.
No joint SOPs for inter-state disaster response involving migrant labour.

3. Broader Implications (Point-wise)

Erosion of trust among migrant labour communities.
Economic insecurity for tea-garden and unorganised workers relying on inter-state jobs.
Humanitarian concerns as victims are from socio-economically vulnerable groups.
Affects developmental projects if safety standards continue to remain low.

4. Government Steps Taken (Contextual)

NDRF, SDRF, Army, GREF teams deployed for rescue.
Assam CM and Arunachal CM coordinated relief and body recovery efforts.
Demands by labour organisations for compensation and dignified repatriation of bodies.

(These steps show responsiveness but also underline need for systemic reforms.)

5. Way Forward: A Comprehensive Multi-Dimensional Strategy

A. Road Safety Engineering Reforms

Install crash barriers, guardrails, and warning reflectors on accident-prone stretches.
Conduct mandatory Safety Audits for all border roads by independent agencies.
Use GIS-based mapping to identify black spots in hill roads.
Strengthen slope stabilisation, drainage, and weather-resistant pavements.

B. Labour Welfare & Regulatory Strengthening

Strict enforcement of mandatory labour registration and e-Shram integration.
Ensure compulsory insurance, transport safety norms, and PPE for migrant labour.
Licensing and periodic evaluation of contractors in high-risk areas.
Creation of a Migrant Labour Monitoring Cell between Assam and Arunachal.

C. Disaster Preparedness & Response

Establish Border District Emergency Response Units with rope rescue and deep-gorge equipment.
Use drones for rapid location of accident sites.
Create joint Assam–Arunachal Disaster Coordination Protocols.
Improve helipad and landing infrastructure near remote work sites.

D. Governance & Social Protection

Expand social security schemes for tea-garden and migrant labourers.
Conduct community awareness campaigns on hill-road safety.
Develop mobile apps for real-time reporting of unsafe contractor practices.

6. Conclusion (Point-wise)

Strengthening institutional mechanisms and ensuring dignified protection for migrant workers is essential for inclusive development and human security in the Northeast.

The Arunachal accident is not an isolated tragedy but a manifestation of deeper structural issues in road safety, labour welfare, and inter-state coordination.

Preventing such incidents requires a holistic, multi-agency approach integrating engineering reforms, regulatory compliance, and proactive disaster management.

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