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APSC Answer Writing (Daily) based on Assam Tribune – 11/08/2025

For APSC CCE and other Assam Competitive examinations aspirants, practicing Daily Answer Writing is vital. This blog covers the most important Main question and its model Answer from the Assam Tribune today (11-08-2025).

GS Paper 3 – Internal Security | Science & Technology | Cyber Security

(Also relevant to GS Paper 2 – Governance and GS Paper 5 – Assam Specific)

Q. Discuss the potential of AI-based crime prediction systems in improving law and order in states like Assam. What are the key challenges and safeguards needed for their effective implementation?

Introduction

Predictive policing, powered by Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML), involves analysing historical crime data and real-time inputs to forecast potential hotspots and patterns of criminal activity. In 2025, the Assam Police announced the adoption of an AI-based Crime Prediction and Analysis System, making it among the first in the North-East to integrate such advanced tools into law enforcement.

Body

I. Potential Benefits for Assam

Proactive Crime Prevention
- Shifts policing from reactive investigation to preventive deployment.
- Identifies likely crime locations and timings, enabling strategic patrolling.
Efficient Resource Deployment
- Optimises allocation of limited police personnel and vehicles in high-risk zones.
Enhanced Urban Security
- Useful in Guwahati, Dibrugarh, and other urban centres facing rising crimes.
Integration with Smart City Initiatives
- Can be linked to CCTV networks, drone surveillance, and GPS-enabled patrol units.
Data-Driven Decision Making
- Eliminates guesswork and enables evidence-based strategies for law and order.

II. Relevance to Assam’s Security Context

Border Challenges – Continuous monitoring in sensitive districts near Bangladesh and Myanmar.
Ethnic and Communal Tensions – Early detection of patterns preceding violence.
Cybercrime & Financial Fraud – AI algorithms can detect anomalies in digital transaction patterns.

III. Key Challenges

Challenge	Explanation
Data Privacy Risks	Potential misuse of citizens’ personal data without strong safeguards.
Algorithmic Bias	If past policing data has biases, AI may replicate and reinforce them.
Digital Infrastructure Gaps	Many rural areas lack the necessary connectivity and hardware.
Cybersecurity Threats	AI systems could be hacked or manipulated.
Capacity Deficit	Need for trained officers to interpret AI outputs correctly.

IV. Government Initiatives & Legal Safeguards

Crime and Criminal Tracking Network & Systems (CCTNS) – Digitisation of FIRs and case data.
Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 – Framework for lawful data processing.
National Cyber Crime Reporting Portal – For reporting online offences.
UNODC Guidelines – International ethical principles for AI in law enforcement.

V. Way Forward

Privacy-by-Design Systems – Ensure minimal and consent-based data collection.
Bias Audits – Independent algorithm review to detect and correct unfair patterns.
Training & Capacity Building – Equip officers with AI interpretation and cyber skills.
Pilot Implementation – Test in select urban areas before statewide rollout.
Public Communication – Build citizen trust through transparency about AI use.

Conclusion

The AI-based crime prediction system is a transformative policing innovation for Assam, offering the promise of safer cities, efficient policing, and data-driven governance. However, without robust privacy safeguards, bias mitigation, and community trust, such technology risks undermining civil liberties. A balanced, ethical, and transparent approach can ensure that Assam becomes a model for responsible AI adoption in law enforcement.

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