APSC Answer Writing (Daily) based on Assam Tribune – 10/4/2025
For APSC CCE and other Assam Competitive examinations aspirants, practicing Daily Answer Writing is vital. This blog covers the most important Main question and its model Answer from the Assam Tribune today (10-04-2025).
Mains Question & Model Answer
📝 Mains Question (GS Paper 3 – Agriculture | Economy | Climate Resilience)
Q.
“The decline of traditional agriculture in Assam reflects not only an agrarian crisis but also a socio-cultural transition in the rural landscape.”
Critically analyze the causes of this decline and suggest a multipronged strategy to address the issue.
✅ Model Answer:
🔹 Introduction:
Traditional agriculture in Assam—dominated by paddy cultivation—has historically shaped the state’s economy, ecology, and culture. However, recent trends reveal a steady shift away from this traditional agrarian framework due to multiple intersecting challenges, from environmental vulnerabilities to changing socio-economic aspirations.
🔹 Causes of the Decline:
| Factor | Explanation |
| 🌧️ Climate Variability | Erratic rainfall, floods, and droughts damage crops; pre-monsoon showers in Barpeta and Morigaon caused waterlogging. |
| 🧑🌾 Labour Migration | Rural youth are shifting to urban informal jobs, leading to shortage of skilled agri-labour. |
| 💰 Low Returns & Price Volatility | Poor enforcement of MSP and dependence on middlemen make farming economically unviable. |
| 📉 Fragmented Land Holdings | Over 86% of holdings are small or marginal (Agriculture Census 2021), limiting mechanization. |
| 🧪 Input Constraints | Rising costs of fertilizers, seeds, irrigation, and diesel lead to falling net incomes. |
| 📉 Loss of Institutional Support | Weak agri-credit penetration, with less than 50% having access to formal finance (NABARD, 2023). |
🔹 Socio-Cultural Implications:
- Cultural Detachment: Decline of agricultural rituals and festivals like Bohag Bihu that are tied to the sowing-harvest cycle.
- Rise in Food Dependency: Assam now imports food grains, impacting state-level food sovereignty.
- Urban Overcrowding: Push migration to cities without adequate urban job guarantees or social security nets.
🔹 Way Forward: A Multipronged Strategy
1. Climate-Resilient Agriculture
- Promote flood-tolerant varieties like Swarna Sub1.
- Expand watershed projects and embankment infrastructure.
2. Crop Diversification & Innovation
- Shift to high-value crops (spices, pulses, horticulture) and mixed farming systems (fish-duck-rice).
- Support agroforestry in char and wetland areas.
3. Institutional & Market Reforms
- Strengthen FPOs and cooperatives for better bargaining power.
- Improve rural roads, storage, and e-NAM market linkages.
4. Youth Engagement in Agriculture
- Encourage agri-startups via schemes like Agri-Incubation Centres.
- Integrate agri-tech, drones, and AI-based advisory via Kisan Sarathi, mKisan.
5. Land and Credit Reforms
- Legalize land leasing to help tenant farmers access subsidies.
- Deepen credit access via SHGs, MFIs, and digital KCCs.
🔹 Conclusion:
Assam’s agrarian transition is a complex issue that transcends economics—it challenges the cultural and ecological balance of the region. Revitalizing traditional agriculture requires an integrated approach combining climate adaptation, institutional strengthening, and youth-oriented innovation to ensure rural sustainability and cultural preservation.
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