Table of Contents

APSC Answer Writing (Daily) based on Assam Tribune – 06/05/2025

For APSC CCE and other Assam Competitive examinations aspirants, practicing Daily Answer Writing is vital. This blog covers the most important Main question and its model Answer from the Assam Tribune today (06-05-2025).

Mains Question (GS Paper 2/3):

“The prolonged ethnic violence in Manipur exposes the vulnerabilities of Indian federalism and internal security architecture.” Critically analyze.

✅ Model Answer

Introduction

The ethnic conflict in Manipur, which began in May 2023 between the Meitei and Kuki-Zo communities, has resulted in over 260 deaths and displaced more than 60,000 people. The crisis, still unresolved after two years and now under President’s Rule, reflects deeper fault lines in federal governance, inter-community relations, and internal security management in India’s Northeast.

Body

🔹 1. Federalism Under Strain

Delayed Central Intervention: Despite ongoing violence, key national leaders failed to visit the state or act decisively, weakening cooperative federalism.
State Collapse: Manipur government was rendered ineffective leading to President’s Rule (Art. 356) in Feb 2025.
“Dilli Dur Ast” Approach: The Centre’s indifference was perceived as a lack of empathy and strategic foresight.

🔹 2. Internal Security Challenges

Weapons Looting: Over 4,000 arms were looted from police armories, enabling militant activity.
Rise in Militant Mobilization: The vacuum allowed insurgent and fringe ethnic militias to regroup.
Ethnic Bunkers & Roadblocks: Communities erected armed barricades, replacing state authority with localized power structures.

🔹 3. Humanitarian and Rights Crisis

Displacement: 60,000+ people in 300+ relief camps lack sanitation, education, and trauma counseling.
Allegations of State Complicity: Forensic leaks and FIRs suggest selective state action and biased law enforcement.
UN Appeals: International organizations flagged the issue, making it a global human rights concern.

🔹 4. Governance Deficit

Breakdown of Civil Administration: The bureaucracy failed to ensure justice delivery, rehabilitation, or effective communication between groups.
Delayed Justice: No high-level prosecution or independent truth-finding mechanism initiated even after 2 years.

Way Forward

✔️ Political & Institutional Measures

Appoint a neutral interlocutor and initiate an inclusive dialogue with both Meitei and Kuki-Zo representatives.
Independent Truth Commission to document human rights violations and restore faith in institutions.

✔️ Security Reforms

Recover looted arms through court-monitored surrender drives.
Strengthen the local police and neutralize community militias through lawful disarmament.

✔️ Humanitarian Support

Partner with NGOs and UN agencies to ensure trauma care, education, sanitation, and livelihood restoration.

✔️ Federal Balancing

Empower local governance through autonomous councils or special administrative zones to address regional aspirations.

Conclusion

The Manipur crisis is a warning bell for India’s internal security framework and federal structure. It highlights the cost of political inertia, ethnic polarization, and the failure to protect constitutional rights. A comprehensive approach involving dialogue, justice, and decentralized governance is crucial to healing the state and safeguarding India’s democratic fabric.

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