Table of Contents

APSC Answer Writing (Daily) based on Assam Tribune – 04/04/2025

For APSC CCE and other Assam Competitive examinations aspirants, practicing Daily Answer Writing is vital. This blog covers the most important Main question and its model Answer from the Assam Tribune today (04-04-2025).

Mains Question & Model Answer

Q. “The ethnic conflict in Manipur has exposed the limitations of India’s internal security framework and highlighted the urgent need for a more inclusive governance model in the Northeast.” Discuss.

(15 marks, 250 words)

Introduction (2 lines)

The recurring ethnic clashes in Manipur serve as a stark reminder that peace in India’s Northeast remains fragile. These conflicts are not isolated but rooted in history, identity, and a complex web of political and security challenges.

Body

✅ 1. Understanding the Ethnic Conflict in Manipur

Historical Rivalries: Between Meiteis (valley) and hill tribes like Kukis and Nagas over land, identity, and autonomy.
Demographic Pressures: Allegations of illegal immigration (esp. Kukis from Myanmar) exacerbating tensions.
Land Rights Issues: Reserved Forest demarcations, eviction drives, and claims of encroachment intensified divisions.

✅ 2. Limitations of the Internal Security Framework

Delayed Response: Central and state forces failed to prevent escalation in May 2023 (Manipur Violence Report, NHRC).
Overreliance on AFSPA: Military approach undermined local trust and aggravated alienation.
Weak Intelligence Coordination: Poor coordination between civil and military intelligence agencies in volatile zones.
Judicial Oversight: Supreme Court rebuked delayed justice and lack of FIRs in ethnic violence cases.

✅ 3. Governance Gaps and Political Complicity

Majoritarian Policies: Accusations of state bias favoring Meiteis led to erosion of neutrality.
Breakdown of Trust in Institutions: Civil society and tribal bodies withdrew from state mechanisms.
Lack of Decentralization: Autonomous District Councils (ADCs) remain underpowered and underfunded (Ministry of Tribal Affairs, 2022).

✅ 4. Way Forward: Toward Inclusive and Sustainable Governance

Empowered ADCs: Implementation of Sixth Schedule-like autonomy for hills in Manipur.
Ethnic Peace Accords: A multi-stakeholder platform with involvement of Naga, Kuki, and Meitei representatives.
Reviving Civil Society Dialogue: Example – “Peace Committee for Manipur” by civil society leaders (2023).
Balanced Security Approach: Combining AFSPA reforms with community policing and local engagement.

Conclusion (2 lines)

Manipur’s ethnic conflict is a test case for India’s democratic resilience and pluralism. Only an inclusive, rights-based and locally-rooted governance model can ensure enduring peace in the Northeast.

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