APSC Answer Writing (Daily) based on Assam Tribune – 28/07/2026

For APSC CCE and other Assam Competitive examinations aspirants, practicing Daily Answer Writing is vital. This blog covers the most important Main question and its model Answer from the Assam Tribune today (28-07-2026).

📘 GS Mains Model Question (APSC CCE)

Q. Recurring floods in India, particularly in Assam, often trigger outbreaks of water-borne and vector-borne diseases. Discuss the major public health challenges arising after floods. Suggest a comprehensive strategy to build a resilient post-disaster public health system in India. (15 Marks, 250 Words)

Model Answer

Introduction (2–3 lines)

According to the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), floods are India’s most frequent natural disaster, affecting millions annually. The recent ICMR advisory highlighted that post-flood conditions significantly increase the risk of outbreaks of water-borne and vector-borne diseases, making public health preparedness a critical component of disaster management.

Body

1. Public Health Challenges after Floods

A. Water-borne Diseases

Contamination of drinking water by sewage and floodwater.
Outbreaks of cholera, typhoid, dysentery, hepatitis A & E.

B. Vector-borne Diseases

Stagnant water promotes mosquito breeding.
Rise in malaria, dengue, chikungunya and Japanese Encephalitis (JE).

C. Breakdown of WASH Infrastructure

Damage to water supply and sanitation systems.
Poor hygiene in overcrowded relief camps.

D. Disruption of Health Services

Inaccessibility of Primary Health Centres (PHCs).
Shortage of medicines, vaccines and healthcare personnel.

E. Vulnerable Populations

Children, elderly, pregnant women and persons with disabilities face greater health risks.
Increased incidence of malnutrition and mental health concerns.

2. Measures for a Resilient Post-Flood Public Health System

A. Strengthen Disease Surveillance

Enhance the Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme (IDSP).
Use GIS, drones and digital dashboards for real-time outbreak detection.

B. Safe Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH)

Chlorination of water sources.
Emergency potable water supply.
Temporary sanitation facilities and hygiene kits.

C. Integrated Vector Management

Eliminate stagnant water.
Fogging and larvicidal measures.
Community participation in source reduction.

D. Climate-Resilient Health Infrastructure

Flood-resilient hospitals and PHCs.
Mobile medical units and water ambulances for inaccessible areas.

E. One Health Approach

Strengthen coordination among human, animal and environmental health agencies to monitor zoonotic and environmental disease risks.

F. Community Awareness

IEC campaigns on safe drinking water, food hygiene, mosquito prevention and early reporting of symptoms.

Conclusion (2–3 lines)

As climate change is expected to intensify the frequency and severity of floods, disaster management must evolve from a relief-centric to a resilience-centric approach. Integrating One Health, climate-resilient infrastructure, robust disease surveillance and community participation will protect lives and strengthen India’s public health security while advancing SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being) and the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction.

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