APSC Answer Writing (Daily) based on Assam Tribune – 18/06/2026

For APSC CCE and other Assam Competitive examinations aspirants, practicing Daily Answer Writing is vital. This blog covers the most important Main question and its model Answer from the Assam Tribune today (18-06-2026).

📘 GS Mains Model Question (APSC CCE)

Q. Vulture conservation is not merely a wildlife issue but a public health and ecosystem management imperative. Discuss the causes behind the decline of vulture populations in India and evaluate the measures required for their long-term conservation. (15 Marks, 250 Words)

Model Answer

Introduction

India witnessed one of the world’s fastest declines in vulture populations, with species such as the White-rumped, Indian and Slender-billed Vultures declining by over 95% since the 1990s. As apex scavengers, vultures play a critical role in maintaining ecosystem balance and preventing disease transmission.

Body

1. Importance of Vultures

Ecological Role

Efficient scavengers that rapidly dispose of animal carcasses.
Maintain nutrient cycling within ecosystems.
Prevent accumulation of decaying organic matter.

Public Health Significance

Reduce the spread of diseases such as anthrax, rabies and brucellosis.
Limit the growth of stray dog populations around carcasses.
Support the “One Health” approach linking human, animal and environmental health.

Biodiversity Conservation

Indicator species reflecting ecosystem health.
Essential component of food chains.

2. Causes of Vulture Decline

Veterinary Drug Toxicity

Diclofenac poisoning remains the primary cause.
Causes kidney failure and visceral gout in vultures.

Habitat Degradation

Deforestation and infrastructure expansion reduce nesting sites.

Food Scarcity

Changes in livestock disposal practices reduce food availability.

Poisoning and Pollution

Consumption of contaminated carcasses.
Exposure to pesticides and toxic chemicals.

Electrocution and Collision

Power lines and other infrastructure increase mortality.

3. Measures Required

Strengthen Vulture Safe Zones

Ensure complete elimination of harmful veterinary NSAIDs.

Habitat Restoration

Protect nesting trees and restore grasslands.
Promote plantation of native species.

Community-Based Conservation

Involve local communities in nest monitoring and habitat protection.

Scientific Interventions

Satellite tracking and population monitoring.
Expansion of captive breeding programmes.

Policy Measures

Effective implementation of the Action Plan for Vulture Conservation.
Strict regulation of veterinary drugs.

Conclusion

Vulture conservation is crucial not only for biodiversity protection but also for public health security and ecological resilience. A combination of scientific management, habitat restoration, community participation and strict regulatory enforcement is essential to ensure the recovery of India’s critically endangered vulture populations.

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