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APSC Answer Writing (Daily) based on Assam Tribune – 02/06/2026

For APSC CCE and other Assam Competitive examinations aspirants, practicing Daily Answer Writing is vital. This blog covers the most important Main question and its model Answer from the Assam Tribune today (02-06-2026).

📘 GS Mains Model Question (APSC CCE)

“Waste segregation at source is the cornerstone of sustainable solid waste management.” Discuss its significance in achieving environmental sustainability in India. Also examine the challenges associated with its implementation and suggest suitable measures to overcome them.

Model Answer

Introduction

India generates over 170,000 tonnes of municipal solid waste daily, and the quantity is expected to rise with rapid urbanization and changing consumption patterns. Recognizing this challenge, the Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016 made source segregation mandatory. Waste segregation at source refers to separating waste into biodegradable, recyclable, sanitary, hazardous, and e-waste categories at the point of generation, thereby forming the foundation of scientific waste management.

Significance of Waste Segregation at Source

1. Environmental Protection

Reduces the burden on landfills.
Prevents soil, water, and air pollution.
Minimizes open dumping and waste burning.

2. Promotes Circular Economy

Facilitates recycling and resource recovery.
Converts waste into wealth through composting and recycling.
Conserves natural resources.

3. Climate Change Mitigation

Reduces methane emissions from landfills.
Supports India’s climate commitments under the Paris Agreement.

4. Public Health Benefits

Prevents breeding of disease vectors.
Reduces risks of contamination and epidemics.

5. Improved Urban Governance

Enhances efficiency of municipal waste collection and processing.
Supports the objectives of Swachh Bharat Mission and SDG-11.

Challenges

Low public awareness and behavioural resistance.
Inadequate segregation infrastructure.
Poor enforcement of SWM Rules, 2016.
Lack of scientific processing facilities.
Limited integration of informal waste pickers.
Financial and capacity constraints of Urban Local Bodies.

Way Forward

Strengthen IEC (Information, Education and Communication) campaigns.
Implement strict penalties for non-segregation.
Promote decentralized composting and Material Recovery Facilities (MRFs).
Integrate waste pickers into formal waste management systems.
Encourage Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) and circular economy practices.
Utilize digital technologies for waste tracking and monitoring.

Conclusion

Waste segregation at source is the first and most critical step toward sustainable waste management. It transforms waste from an environmental liability into a valuable resource. Achieving the vision of “Garbage-Free Cities” requires active citizen participation, effective local governance, and robust implementation of waste management policies.

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