APSC CCE Mains PYQ Solved | APSC CCE 2023 Model Answer

Preparing for the APSC CCE Mains Examination requires much more than just reading books and making notes. One of the most effective ways to understand the actual demand of the examination is by practicing and analyzing Previous Year Questions (PYQs).

To help aspirants prepare in a smarter and more strategic way, SuchitraACS brings you APSC CCE Mains PYQs with Detailed Model Answers. These answers are written in a structured, exam-oriented, and high-scoring format based on the latest APSC trend.

APSC Mains GS Paper 2: 2023: “In an era of shifting geo-political alliances, particularly after the COVID-19 pandemic, the influence of developed and developing countries’ policies on India’s strategic interest demands nuanced examination.” Analyze the multi-faceted impact of evolving foreign policies and the political dynamics of major powers on India’s national security and regional stability. Provide recent examples and propose innovative diplomatic strategies to safeguard India’s interest amidst global uncertainties. (15 Marks, 250 words)

Model Answer:

In the post-COVID “polycrisis” world, described by India’s External Affairs Ministry as an era of “a world order in flux,” shifting power dynamics are re-engineering global security, requiring India to recalibrate its strategic autonomy.

Multi-Faceted Impact on Security & Regional Stability

1. Traditional & Border Security Challenges

China-Russia Alignment: Growing Sino-Russian strategic proximity narrows India’s traditional security maneuvering space, intensifying threats along the Line of Actual Control (LAC).
Maritime Security in IOR: China’s “String of Pearls” and dual-use port infrastructure in South Asia challenge India’s role as the Net Security Provider in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR).

2. Regional Instability & North-East Frontier Vulnerabilities

Neighborhood Volatility: Political shifts in Bangladesh and the ongoing civil conflict in Myanmar directly threaten border security.
Infrastructure Impact: Unrest in Myanmar impedes strategic projects vital for Assam and the North-East, such as the Kaladan Multi-Modal Transit Transport Project and the India-Myanmar-Thailand Trilateral Highway.

3. Economic, Energy & Tech Weaponization

Supply Chain Disruptions: Conflicts in West Asia and the Red Sea crisis impact India’s energy imports and trade routes.
Trade Barriers: Protectionist policies from developed nations, such as the EU’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), pose risks to Indian exports.

Innovative Diplomatic Strategies

Domain	Diplomatic Strategy	Key Mechanism / Initiative
Strategic Realignment	Targeted Minilateralism	Balancing commitments in QUAD and I2U2 alongside BRICS and SCO to avoid binary bloc alignment.
Global Leadership	Global South Bridge	Institutionalizing the Voice of Global South Summit to lead energy transition and debt relief dialogues.
Neighborhood & NE	Act East via BIMSTEC	Positioning Assam as the strategic hub for ASEAN connectivity under the Neighborhood First and Act East policies.
Defense & Tech	Critical Tech Partnerships	Leveraging platforms like US-India iCET and INDUS-X for defense co-production and technology transfer.

Grounded in the DPSP mandate to promote international peace (Article 51), India must deploy agile, human-centric governance to transform geopolitical disruptions into strategic opportunities. This proactive diplomacy will secure regional stability and elevate the ethos of Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas across a multipolar world order.

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