APSC Answer Writing (Daily) based on Assam Tribune – 15/06/2026

For APSC CCE and other Assam Competitive examinations aspirants, practicing Daily Answer Writing is vital. This blog covers the most important Main question and its model Answer from the Assam Tribune today (15-06-2026).

📘 GS Mains Model Question (APSC CCE)

“El Niño is no longer merely an oceanic phenomenon but a major developmental challenge for India.” Examine the impact of El Niño on India’s agriculture, economy and disaster management. Suggest measures to enhance India’s resilience against El Niño-induced disruptions.

Model Answer

Introduction

El Niño is the warm phase of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), characterized by abnormal warming of sea surface temperatures in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean. It influences global atmospheric circulation and significantly affects India’s monsoon system, making it a critical concern for agriculture, water security, disaster management and economic stability.

Impact of El Niño on India

1. Impact on Agriculture

Weakens the Southwest Monsoon, leading to rainfall deficits.
Reduces crop yields, particularly of rice, pulses, oilseeds and sugarcane.
Increases dependence on irrigation in rain-fed regions.
Adversely affects livestock and fodder availability.

2. Impact on Economy

Agricultural slowdown reduces rural incomes and consumption.
Food shortages can lead to inflationary pressures.
Lower hydropower generation due to reduced reservoir levels.
Increased expenditure on drought relief and welfare measures.

3. Impact on Disaster Management

Increases frequency and intensity of heatwaves.
Causes drought conditions in several regions.
Alters rainfall patterns, resulting in extreme weather events.
Enhances risks to water security and public health.

4. Impact on Assam and Northeast India

Erratic rainfall affects paddy cultivation and tea production.
Increased probability of flood-drought cycles.
Ecological stress on wetlands and biodiversity-rich ecosystems.

Measures to Enhance Resilience

Climate-Resilient Agriculture

Promote drought-resistant crop varieties.
Encourage crop diversification and micro-irrigation.

Strengthening Forecasting Systems

Improve seasonal forecasting through IMD and climate models.
Disseminate timely advisories to farmers.

Water Resource Management

Rainwater harvesting and watershed development.
Efficient reservoir operation and groundwater recharge.

Disaster Preparedness

Heat Action Plans and drought contingency plans.
Strengthen local disaster management institutions.

Climate Adaptation

Integrate climate risk assessment into development planning.
Promote nature-based solutions and ecosystem restoration.

Conclusion

With climate change increasing the frequency and severity of extreme weather events, El Niño poses multidimensional risks to India’s food security, economy and sustainable development. A combination of scientific forecasting, climate-resilient agriculture, efficient water management and proactive disaster preparedness is essential to build long-term resilience against El Niño-induced challenges.

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