APSC Current Affairs: Assam Tribune Notes with MCQs and Answer Writing (10/05/2025)
For APSC CCE and other Assam Competitive examinations aspirants, staying updated with current affairs is vital. This blog covers most important topics from the Assam Tribune today (10-05-2025). These issues are key for both APSC Prelims and Mains preparation, offering insights into the APSC CCE Syllabus.
✨ Current Affairs Crash Course for the APSC Prelims 2025
🚁 India Thwarts Turkish Drone Attack Unleashed by Pakistan
📘 GS Paper 3: Internal Security | Cyber & Drone Warfare
📘 GS Paper 2: India and its Neighbourhood | National Security
📘 GS Paper 5 (Assam-specific): Strategic and Border Security Implications for the Northeast
🔹 Introduction
In a serious escalation of asymmetric warfare, India successfully thwarted a massive drone swarm attack launched by Pakistan using Turkish-origin drones, targeting 36 sensitive military and strategic installations across the country. This marks a significant moment in India’s drone defence preparedness and reflects the growing use of unmanned aerial systems (UAS) in cross-border conflict.
🔑 Key Points
| Feature | Description |
| Date of Attack | Night of May 9, 2025 |
| Type of Attack | Swarm of 300–400 drones, launched simultaneously |
| Suspected Source | Pakistan’s strategic agencies using Turkish-made Songar drones |
| Targets | Military airbases, radar units, communication installations from Leh to Sir Creek |
| Indian Response | Swift interception using a mix of kinetic (guns, missiles) and non-kinetic (jamming, EMP) counter-drone measures |
| Unique Tactic Noted | Pakistan reportedly used civilian airliners as shield, flying within commercial corridors |
| Impact | No reported damage; full neutralization achieved |
| Official Reaction | India warned of serious consequences for misuse of airspace and raised the matter with Turkey diplomatically |
🧠 Prelims Pointers
Drone Swarm: Group of drones operating with autonomous or semi-autonomous coordination using AI.
Asisguard Songar: Turkish tactical drone capable of light payloads, surveillance, and AI-based attack swarming.
Directed Energy Weapons (DEWs): Laser or microwave-based systems used for disabling drones without explosives.
LoC and IB: Key zones witnessing drone infiltration, especially in J&K, Punjab, and Gujarat.
UN Charter Violation: Use of civil aircraft for military cover breaches international aviation safety norms.
📝 Mains Pointers
A. Significance of the Incident for India’s Security Doctrine
Shift in Threat Landscape: Demonstrates how low-cost, AI-enabled warfare can target deep strategic zones.
Violation of Civil Aviation Norms: Use of civilian airliners during a military operation is a red line in international law.
Operational Readiness: India’s integrated response using multiple air defence layers showcases preparedness.
Diplomatic Leverage: Exposes Pakistan’s indirect warfare to global forums and strengthens India’s case for sanctions or isolation.
Airspace Sovereignty: Reinforces the need to secure not just borders, but also civil aviation corridors.
B. Challenges in Drone Defence
| Challenge | Explanation |
| Detection Difficulty | Small drones fly low and evade radar systems. |
| Rules of Engagement | Unclear legal protocols on how to treat swarms from non-state proxies. |
| Civilian Risk | Jamming or kinetic interception over populated zones can cause accidents. |
| Overload on Air Defence | Swarms can saturate radar and missile batteries, distracting from conventional threats. |
| Attribution Problem | Plausible deniability makes diplomatic retaliation tricky. |
C. Government Measures in Place
Integrated Air Command & Control System (IACCS): Coordinates real-time threat monitoring and interception.
Anti-Drone Systems by DRDO: Laser and RF jamming systems installed at key military bases.
Drone Rules 2021 (Amended): Regulates civil drones and includes provisions for national security classification.
Border Surveillance Enhancement: Induction of AI-enabled drone trackers and long-range UAVs for early detection.
Global Diplomacy: Matter raised with Turkey and discussed with ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization).
D. Way Forward
AI-Based Predictive Defence: Integrate machine learning with drone traffic patterns for early alerts.
Harden Civil Infrastructure: Equip airports, oil depots, and telecom hubs with drone-proofing tech.
No-Fly Corridors: Create dynamic civilian aviation zones that can be shut instantly during threats.
International Drone Treaty: Lead in drafting a UN-backed framework for responsible military drone usage.
Public Education & Reporting: Involve citizens in drone spotting via mobile apps and helplines.
🧩 Conclusion
India’s ability to neutralize a sophisticated multi-pronged drone swarm attack reflects its evolving defence ecosystem. However, the use of civilian airspace as cover sets a dangerous precedent. This incident reaffirms the urgency to develop next-generation counter-drone systems, tighten global norms, and anticipate the new frontiers of warfare in the skies.
🚨 High Alert Along Assam’s Borders with Bangladesh and Myanmar
📘 GS Paper 3: Internal Security | Border Management
📘 GS Paper 2: India and Neighbourhood | Governance & Security Challenges
📘 GS Paper 5 (Assam-specific): Border Issues in Northeast | Counter-Insurgency Operations
🔹 Introduction
In response to heightened cross-border tensions, the Assam Government, in coordination with central agencies, has sounded a high alert along its borders with Bangladesh and Myanmar. The alert follows a series of developments including militant movements, increased infiltration threats, and spillover effects of unrest in neighbouring regions, especially post the NSCN-IM cadre surrender and escalating Rohingya displacement near the border.
🔑 Key Points
| Feature | Description |
| Trigger for Alert | Intelligence inputs about possible cross-border movement of insurgents and migrants |
| States Affected | Assam (along the Karimganj–Bangladesh and Churachandpur–Myanmar corridors) |
| Security Agencies Involved | Assam Police, Border Security Force (BSF), Assam Rifles, Intelligence Bureau (IB) |
| Time of Action | Issued May 9–10, 2025 following specific alerts from central intelligence |
| Recent Security Events | |
| • NSCN-IM cadre surrender (Assam) | |
| • Displacement near Myanmar border (post-junta conflict) | |
| • Drug & arms smuggling resurgence in Manipur-Mizoram belt | |
| Measures Taken | |
| • Sealing of vulnerable riverine stretches | |
| • Night patrolling increased | |
| • Immigration and refugee watch heightened | |
| • Surveillance intensified in border markets and settlements |
🧠 Prelims Pointers
Karimganj Border: Assam shares ~263 km border with Bangladesh, including riverine stretches.
Free Movement Regime (FMR): Indo-Myanmar border allows tribal movement within 16 km (now under review).
BSF: Guards India’s border with Bangladesh; recently enhanced night surveillance tech.
Assam Rifles: Deployed on Indo-Myanmar border, also tackles insurgency in Northeast.
NSCN-IM: Naga insurgent group active in NE, often uses Myanmar jungles as base.
📝 Mains Pointers
A. Strategic Importance of the Border Zones
Transnational Insurgency Routes: Used by groups like NSCN, ULFA(I), and Rohingya-linked networks.
Drug and Arms Trafficking: The Myanmar–Manipur–Assam corridor is a key route for heroin, meth, and arms.
Illegal Migration Risks: Unchecked migration can strain local resources and provoke ethnic tensions.
Geopolitical Spillover: Conflicts in Bangladesh’s Chittagong Hill Tracts or Myanmar’s Chin-Kachin region can destabilize NE border districts.
Economic Vulnerability: Border haats and local trade are vulnerable to closure during tension.
B. Challenges in Border Security
| Challenge | Explanation |
| Porous Terrain | Difficult terrain and riverine belts make surveillance difficult. |
| Cross-border Ethnic Ties | Shared tribal populations (e.g., Nagas, Kukis, Mizos) create dual loyalties. |
| Underdeveloped Infrastructure | Poor roads, limited floodlights, and border fencing in remote zones. |
| Security Coordination Deficit | Multiple agencies (BSF, Assam Rifles, local police) sometimes lack interoperability. |
| Radicalisation and Smuggling Nexus | Militants use migrants and refugees as carriers for arms or narcotics. |
C. Recent Government Measures
Drone Surveillance: BSF and Assam Police deploying UAVs for river and jungle monitoring.
Intelligence Grid Activation: Real-time sharing between IB, state police, and central paramilitary forces.
Community Vigilance Committees: Border residents involved in reporting suspicious movement.
Biometric Monitoring: E-gate pilot at Karimganj to track cross-border entrants.
Review of FMR: Calls to amend or suspend free movement along Indo-Myanmar border due to misuse.
D. Way Forward
Integrated Border Management System (IBMS): Deploy smart fencing and seismic sensors.
Livelihood Support for Border Populations: Reduce vulnerability to recruitment by insurgents.
Humanitarian + Security Balance: While managing migrants, ensure rights are protected under international norms.
Diplomatic Engagement: Enhance coordination with Bangladesh and Myanmar for border patrols and refugee control.
Unified Command Centres: Set up joint operational hubs in Karimganj, Moreh, and Tinsukia for real-time coordination.
🧩 Conclusion
The high alert along Assam’s borders with Bangladesh and Myanmar reflects the region’s geostrategic sensitivity and complex socio-political fabric. Assam’s response must balance security imperatives with humanitarian responsibilities, while investing in long-term infrastructure, surveillance, and trust-building among border communities.
☀️ Anti-Dumping Duty on Solar Glass from China and Vietnam
📘 GS Paper 3: Indian Economy | Trade Policy | Manufacturing & Energy Sector
📘 GS Paper 2: International Trade | Bilateral Relations
📘 GS Paper 5 (Assam-specific): Relevance of Trade Policies for Assam’s Industrial Ecosystem (esp. renewables)
🔹 Introduction
To safeguard India’s solar manufacturing sector, the Government of India has imposed anti-dumping duties on solar glass imports from China and Vietnam for five years. This move aims to curb unfair pricing practices, ensure a level playing field for domestic producers, and support India’s Atmanirbhar Bharat and energy transition goals.
🔑 Key Points
| Feature | Description |
| Commodity Involved | Solar tempered glass (used in photovoltaic modules) |
| Countries Targeted | China and Vietnam |
| Type of Measure | Anti-Dumping Duty (ADD) under WTO-compliant trade remedy laws |
| Duration | 5 years (as notified by Ministry of Finance) |
| Domestic Complainant | Borosil Renewables Ltd – India’s only large solar glass manufacturer |
| Investigating Body | Directorate General of Trade Remedies (DGTR), Ministry of Commerce |
| Dumping Margin Observed | Up to 40–60% price undercutting compared to Indian market |
🧠 Prelims Pointers
Anti-Dumping Duty: Imposed when a foreign producer sells goods below cost or home price to unfairly gain market share.
DGTR: Apex body under Ministry of Commerce for investigating injury to domestic industry due to imports.
Solar Glass: Ultra-clear, tempered glass used to cover solar PV cells; critical to India’s solar mission.
WTO Rules: Allow member states to impose ADDs if dumping is proven and causes material injury.
Borosil Renewables: Only Indian firm manufacturing solar glass at scale.
📝 Mains Pointers
A. Significance of the Anti-Dumping Duty
Protects Domestic Industry: Prevents market flooding by low-cost Chinese and Vietnamese imports.
Boost to Solar Self-Reliance: Reduces import dependence under India’s National Solar Mission.
Job Creation & MSME Support: Local manufacturing benefits glassmakers, MSMEs, and component suppliers.
Fair Trade Practice: Demonstrates use of WTO-compliant mechanisms to address trade imbalances.
Climate & Strategic Linkage: Solar glass is key for energy security and green economy goals.
B. Challenges Despite the Duty
| Challenge | Explanation |
| Cost Push for Developers | Higher domestic prices may raise solar project costs in the short term. |
| Limited Domestic Capacity | India has few players in solar glass production—may create bottlenecks. |
| Quality and Scale Gap | Domestic producers may initially struggle to match global precision standards. |
| Retaliation Risk | May affect diplomatic trade ties with China and Vietnam in other sectors. |
| Implementation Gaps | Mislabeling and circumvention through third-country routing possible. |
C. Government Initiatives Supporting Solar Manufacturing
Production-Linked Incentive (PLI) Scheme: For high-efficiency solar PV modules.
Basic Customs Duty (BCD): Already levied on imported modules and cells since 2022.
Renewable Energy Parks Scheme: Enables clusters of manufacturing + project development.
Atmanirbhar Bharat Vision: Calls for indigenisation of all key energy components, including solar glass.
India’s COP26 Commitments: 500 GW non-fossil energy capacity target by 2030.
D. Way Forward
Expand Domestic Capacity: Incentivise new solar glass plants with subsidies and land access.
Technology Transfer Partnerships: Tie-ups with global firms to bring high-end tech to India.
Price Rationalisation: Encourage competitive pricing while phasing down dependence on imports.
Compliance Monitoring: Use AI-based import tracking to catch circumvention or misdeclaration.
Balance Duty with Affordability: Keep project developers engaged by offering alternate offsets (e.g., GST relief or low-interest loans).
🧩 Conclusion
The anti-dumping duty on solar glass is not merely a trade corrective, but a strategic economic step—supporting India’s green manufacturing goals, energy independence, and global trade credibility. Sustained support to domestic players must be matched with scale, technology, and affordability to turn India into a competitive solar superpower.
🏅 North-East Students Shine at Khelo India Youth Games
📘 GS Paper 2: Welfare Schemes | Sports and Youth Development
📘 GS Paper 1: Culture and Society – Role of Youth and Integration
📘 GS Paper 5 (Assam-specific): Sports Development in Northeast India
🔹 Introduction
At the Khelo India Youth Games 2025, students from the Northeastern region (NE) delivered standout performances across multiple disciplines, highlighting the growing influence of government-backed sports promotion schemes and the rise of grassroots athletic talent in the region. Their achievements underscore the region’s potential in national and international sporting events.
🔑 Key Points
| Feature | Details |
| Event | Khelo India Youth Games 2025 |
| Host | Tamil Nadu |
| NE States Highlighted | Assam, Manipur, Mizoram, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland |
| Top Performances | |
| • Manipur – Dominated boxing and wrestling | |
| • Assam – Medals in athletics, shooting, swimming | |
| • Mizoram – Excelling in football and basketball | |
| Govt Recognition | NE athletes praised by Ministry of Youth Affairs & Sports |
| Schemes Linked | |
| • Khelo India Scheme | |
| • Target Olympic Podium Scheme (TOPS) | |
| • NE Sports Infrastructure Mission | |
| Symbolic Significance | Integration of NE youth in national mainstream through sports |
🧠 Prelims Pointers
Khelo India Youth Games: Annual sporting event under the Khelo India Programme launched in 2018.
Eligibility: U-17 and U-21 categories for school and college athletes.
Ministry Involved: Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports.
Key Components of Khelo India:
Talent Identification
Infrastructure Development
Annual Scholarships (₹5 lakh per year for 8 years)
TOPS Scheme: Focused on grooming Olympic medal prospects from a young age.
📝 Mains Pointers
A. Significance of NE Representation at National Sports Events
Youth Empowerment: Boosts morale, builds confidence, and opens up livelihood avenues.
Cultural Integration: Enhances national unity and visibility for tribal and ethnic communities.
Countering Extremism: Sports serve as a constructive outlet in insurgency-prone areas.
Health & Fitness Culture: Helps instill fitness values and prevent youth delinquency.
Role Model Creation: Encourages younger children in rural belts to take up sports seriously.
B. Challenges Faced by NE Athletes
| Challenge | Explanation |
| Infrastructure Gaps | Many rural districts lack modern stadiums, courts, or training equipment. |
| Limited Coaching Facilities | Shortage of trained coaches and physiotherapists. |
| Financial Constraints | Athletes often come from economically weaker backgrounds. |
| Geographic Isolation | Travel to national-level events is costly and logistically complex. |
| Recognition Bias | Less media attention and corporate sponsorships compared to metro athletes. |
C. Government Initiatives Supporting Sports in NE
Khelo India Centres of Excellence: Being established in Imphal, Guwahati, and Aizawl.
NE Sports Infrastructure Development Scheme: Focus on artificial turfs, swimming pools, archery ranges.
Scholarships & Hostels: For tribal girl athletes and economically weaker youth.
One District One Sport (ODOS): Encourages each district to specialize in a sport of strength.
Youth & Sports Exchange Programmes: Promote inter-state integration through camps and events.
D. Way Forward
Localized Talent Hubs: Identify and nurture school-level champions with district academies.
Private Sector Engagement: CSR funds to develop training facilities and sponsor talented athletes.
Nutrition & Mental Wellness Support: Provide free nutritional guidance and counselling.
Inclusion of Indigenous Games: Celebrate and promote games like Mukna, Thang-Ta, and Teer.
Post-Career Support: Employment incentives and education continuity for sportspersons.
🧩 Conclusion
The success of Northeast students at the Khelo India Youth Games is a testament to the talent, resilience, and cultural strength of the region. With continued institutional support, Northeast India can emerge as a sports powerhouse, contributing not only to medals but also to national unity and youth empowerment.
APSC Prelims Practice Questions
1. India Thwarts Turkish Drone Attack Unleashed by Pakistan
Q1. With reference to the concept of drone swarm attacks, consider the following statements:
- Drone swarms operate autonomously using Artificial Intelligence (AI) to coordinate movement and attack strategies.
- Swarm drones are immune to conventional radar detection systems.
- Drone swarms are typically used for surveillance rather than offensive missions.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
A. 1 only
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1 and 3 only
✅ Answer: A. 1 only
Explanation:
- Statement 1 is correct: Drone swarms are coordinated using AI, allowing them to operate in a decentralized and autonomous manner.
- Statement 2 is incorrect: While they are harder to detect due to small size and low-altitude flying, they are not immune to radar detection; enhanced radar systems and DEWs can detect/disable them.
- Statement 3 is incorrect: Drone swarms can be both for surveillance and offensive missions, as demonstrated in this incident.
Q2. Asisguard Songar, recently seen in the news, is best described as:
A. A next-generation anti-missile defense system developed by DRDO
B. A Turkish-origin tactical drone used in swarm attacks
C. A US-led naval alliance for Indo-Pacific maritime security
D. A cyber-warfare virus used in state-sponsored hacking
✅ Answer: B. A Turkish-origin tactical drone used in swarm attacks
Explanation:
Asisguard Songar is a tactical drone system developed by Turkey, known for its swarming capabilities and integration with light payloads, used in both surveillance and military operations.
Q3. Which of the following technologies are commonly used as part of counter-drone systems?
- Directed Energy Weapons (DEWs)
- Radio Frequency (RF) jamming systems
- High-Altitude Long Endurance (HALE) UAVs
- Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP) devices
Select the correct answer using the code below:
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 1, 2, and 4 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 3, and 4 only
✅ Answer: B. 1, 2, and 4 only
Explanation:
- DEWs, RF jamming, and EMP devices are commonly used for disabling or destroying drones.
- HALE UAVs are surveillance drones, not counter-drone systems.
Q4. Using civilian aircraft corridors for military drone attacks would violate which of the following international frameworks?
A. Geneva Convention
B. UN Charter on Civil Aviation
C. Convention on Biological Weapons
D. Outer Space Treaty
✅ Answer: B. UN Charter on Civil Aviation
Explanation:
The use of civilian airspace for military operations, especially to mask drone attacks, violates international civil aviation safety norms under the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).
2. High Alert Along Assam’s Borders with Bangladesh and Myanmar
Q5. With reference to the Indo-Myanmar border, consider the following statements:
- The Free Movement Regime (FMR) allows citizens of both countries to travel up to 16 km across the border without a visa.
- FMR was suspended in 2020 after the India-Myanmar border fencing initiative began.
- The FMR primarily benefits tribal communities living in contiguous border areas.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A. 1 and 3 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 2 only
D. 1, 2, and 3
✅ Answer: A. 1 and 3 only
Explanation:
- Statement 1 is correct: FMR allows movement up to 16 km without visa requirements for tribal communities.
- Statement 2 is incorrect: FMR has been under review, not formally suspended.
- Statement 3 is correct: It was specifically designed to accommodate tribal communities along the India-Myanmar border.
Q6. Which of the following agencies is primarily responsible for guarding India’s border with Bangladesh?
A. Assam Rifles
B. Indo-Tibetan Border Police
C. Border Security Force
D. Central Reserve Police Force
✅ Answer: C. Border Security Force
Explanation:
BSF is the designated force for guarding India’s border with Bangladesh. Assam Rifles guards the Indo-Myanmar border, while ITBP is for the China border.
Q7. Karimganj, recently in the news, shares an international border with which country?
A. Bhutan
B. Nepal
C. Bangladesh
D. Myanmar
✅ Answer: C. Bangladesh
Explanation:
Karimganj is a district in southern Assam that shares a 263 km border with Bangladesh, including riverine and porous zones, vulnerable to infiltration and smuggling.
Q8. Consider the following statements:
- NSCN-IM is an insurgent group seeking independence for Nagaland and its contiguous Naga areas.
- Assam Rifles operates under the administrative control of the Ministry of Defence.
- Drug trafficking from Myanmar to Northeast India primarily follows the Manipur-Mizoram-Assam corridor.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
A. 1 and 3 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 2 only
D. 1, 2, and 3
✅ Answer: A. 1 and 3 only
Explanation:
- Statement 1 is correct: NSCN-IM seeks greater Nagalim for Naga people.
- Statement 2 is incorrect: Assam Rifles operates under MHA administratively but under the Army’s operational control.
- Statement 3 is correct: The drug trade uses routes from Myanmar through Manipur and Mizoram into Assam.
3. Anti-Dumping Duty on Solar Glass from China and Vietnam
Q9. Consider the following statements about Anti-Dumping Duty (ADD):
- ADD is imposed when an imported product is sold at a price lower than its production cost in the exporting country.
- India cannot impose ADD without permission from the World Trade Organization (WTO).
- ADD is a type of quantitative restriction under India’s foreign trade policy.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
A. 1 only
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 2 and 3 only
✅ Answer: A. 1 only
Explanation:
- Statement 1 is correct: ADD is levied when dumping causes injury to domestic industry.
- Statement 2 is incorrect: WTO allows member countries to impose ADD if it follows due process; permission is not required.
- Statement 3 is incorrect: ADD is a tariff measure, not a quantitative restriction.
Q10. Which of the following statements is/are correct about Borosil Renewables Ltd?
- It is India’s only major manufacturer of solar tempered glass used in photovoltaic modules.
- It is the nodal agency for implementation of the National Solar Mission.
- It is a public sector undertaking under the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy.
Select the correct answer using the code below:
A. 1 only
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, and 3
✅ Answer: A. 1 only
Explanation:
- Statement 1 is correct: Borosil Renewables is India’s only large-scale solar glass producer.
- Statement 2 is incorrect: It is a private company, not a nodal agency.
- Statement 3 is incorrect: It is not a PSU, and does not operate under the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy.
Q11. Solar tempered glass, recently in the news, is mainly used for which of the following?
A. Insulation in hydroelectric turbines
B. Windmill blade coating
C. Covering photovoltaic solar cells
D. Radiation shielding in nuclear reactors
✅ Answer: C. Covering photovoltaic solar cells
Explanation:
Solar tempered glass is a high-transparency, ultra-strong glass used as the top layer of solar PV panels to protect the solar cells while allowing light transmission.
APSC Mains Practice Question
Mains Question:
Q. The increasing use of drone technology in asymmetric warfare poses new challenges to national security. Discuss with reference to recent incidents along India’s western borders. Suggest effective countermeasures.
Model Answer:
Introduction:
The advent of drone technology has transformed modern warfare by enabling low-cost, high-impact operations, especially in asymmetric conflicts. The recent foiling of a Turkish-origin drone swarm attack by Pakistan along India’s western front underlines the urgency of addressing the evolving threat from unmanned aerial systems (UAS).
Body:
1. Emerging Trends in Drone-Based Asymmetric Warfare
- Swarm attacks using AI-coordinated drones can overwhelm conventional defense systems.
- Use of civilian air corridors by Pakistan to evade radar and detection mechanisms.
- Foreign-supplied tactical drones (e.g., Asisguard Songar from Turkey) increase the lethality and precision of attacks.
- Potential use for arms drops, surveillance, narcotics smuggling, and targeting military assets.
2. Why It Is a National Security Concern
- Low-cost warfare: Drones are far cheaper than manned aircraft, allowing non-state actors and rival states to strike strategically.
- Surveillance and disruption: Can be used to collect intelligence or disable key infrastructure like radar stations and airfields.
- Border vulnerabilities: Porous and open terrains in Punjab, Rajasthan, and Jammu regions are difficult to monitor continuously.
- Civil-military overlap: Use of drones via civilian aircraft paths complicates the legal and operational response.
3. India’s Current Preparedness
- Deployment of anti-drone systems such as Directed Energy Weapons (DEWs), RF jammers, and radar integration.
- Use of indigenous technology like DRDO’s D-4 counter-UAS systems.
- Enhanced air surveillance grid and drone monitoring protocols in border states.
- Regular joint drills with defense forces to simulate and tackle drone threats.
4. Suggested Countermeasures
| Dimension | Suggested Measures |
| Technological | – Scale-up indigenous anti-drone tech like DEWs and radar-linked AI systems. – Invest in anti-swarm AI algorithms and UAV neutralization systems. |
| Policy | – Draft a National Counter-UAS Policy with clear jurisdiction and legal backing. – Ensure civil aviation guidelines are updated for airspace management. |
| Operational | – Strengthen inter-agency coordination between Air Force, BSF, and intelligence agencies. – Conduct real-time simulations and war-gaming exercises. |
| International | – Strengthen diplomatic pressure on nations aiding drone terrorism. – Use platforms like Wassenaar Arrangement to curb export of dual-use drone tech to hostile states. |
Conclusion:
As drone warfare becomes the new frontier of asymmetric conflict, India must evolve from reactive defenses to proactive deterrence. A multi-layered strategy combining technology, policy, and diplomacy is essential to safeguard national security in the face of such emerging threats.
✨ APSC Prelims Crash Course, 2025
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