APSC Current Affairs: Assam Tribune Notes with MCQs and Answer Writing (08/11/2024)
For APSC CCE and other Assam Competitive examinations aspirants, staying updated with current affairs is vital. This blog covers most important topics from the Assam Tribune today (08-11-2024). These issues are key for both APSC Prelims and Mains preparation, offering insights into the APSC CCE Syllabus.
Topic 1: Central Government’s Directive for Assam to Prepare Wetland Conservation Plan
GS Paper 3: Environment, Conservation
Introduction:
The Central Government has directed the Assam Government to create a concept note focused on restoring 271 identified wetlands. This restoration is aimed at flood mitigation by channeling excess water during flood seasons, with a deadline set for December 2024.
Key Points:
- The North East Space Application Centre (NESAC) has already mapped and identified 271 wetlands suitable for water diversion.
- The Water Resources Department of Assam has earmarked nine wetlands across seven districts for initial rejuvenation.
- The project, with a sanctioned amount of ₹380 crore, will undergo a feasibility assessment to ensure sustainable execution.
Prelims Pointers:
- NESAC: A regional agency specializing in remote sensing and geographic information systems for environmental conservation.
- Wetland Rejuvenation: A process aimed at restoring wetlands to enhance biodiversity and support water management.
Mains Pointers:
- Importance:
- Flood Mitigation: Rejuvenated wetlands can act as reservoirs, diverting floodwater to reduce impact on settlements.
- Biodiversity Conservation: Wetlands serve as habitats for diverse flora and fauna, contributing to ecosystem balance.
- Economic Benefits: Revitalized wetlands can support fisheries, benefiting local livelihoods.
- Groundwater Recharge: Wetlands contribute to replenishing groundwater, crucial for dry seasons.
- Climate Adaptation: Provides a natural buffer against climate extremes, such as floods and droughts.
- Challenges:
- Encroachment: Many wetlands face illegal occupation, complicating restoration efforts.
- Funding Needs: Comprehensive rejuvenation requires sustained financial support beyond initial allocations.
- Infrastructure Constraints: Diverting water to wetlands may require complex infrastructure adjustments.
- Public Awareness: Local communities may not fully understand or support wetland restoration.
- Environmental Impact: Large-scale diversion may affect riverbanks and surrounding ecosystems.
- Way Ahead:
- Community Engagement: Involve local communities in conservation efforts to build long-term support.
- Regular Monitoring: Use satellite imaging for tracking restoration progress and managing potential issues.
- Sustainable Funding: Secure additional funding through public-private partnerships to ensure project longevity.
- Policy Reforms: Implement regulatory measures to prevent future encroachment and misuse.
- Research and Development: Conduct research on sustainable wetland management practices specific to Assam’s environment.
Conclusion:
Effective wetland rejuvenation can greatly improve flood resilience and biodiversity conservation in Assam. With a multi-stakeholder approach and sustainable funding, this initiative can become a model for nature-based climate adaptation.
Topic 2: Assam Ranks Second in Road Accident Fatalities in Northeast
GS Paper 2: Governance, Social Issues
Introduction:
According to recent data from the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH), Assam has the second-highest rate of road accident fatalities per capita in Northeast India. The high fatality rate highlights significant challenges in road safety and the need for enhanced preventive measures.
Key Points:
- Assam’s road accident death rate stands at 8.52%, following Arunachal Pradesh’s 9.63% per lakh population.
- The most affected demographic includes young adults aged 25-35 years.
- Contributing factors include excessive speeding, driving under the influence, and poor road conditions.
Prelims Pointers:
- MoRTH: The Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, responsible for policy-making, planning, and implementation related to road transport.
- Road Safety Initiatives: Include seatbelt mandates, speed limits, and public awareness campaigns on road use.
Mains Pointers:
- Importance:
- Public Health and Safety: Reducing fatalities improves the overall health and safety of the public.
- Economic Impact: Road accidents lead to substantial economic losses due to healthcare costs and productivity loss.
- Traffic Discipline: Enforces safe driving behavior, contributing to better traffic management.
- Social Stability: Safer roads lead to fewer instances of trauma and bereavement among families.
- Tourism and Investment: Improved road safety can enhance Assam’s appeal as a tourist and investment destination.
- Challenges:
- Lack of Road Infrastructure: Inadequate road maintenance and poor signage contribute to accidents.
- Enforcement Gaps: Limited enforcement of traffic laws, especially in rural areas.
- Awareness Deficit: Low public awareness of road safety practices among young drivers.
- Limited Medical Facilities: Delays in emergency response in accident-prone areas.
- Policy Implementation: Fragmented implementation of road safety policies across the state.
- Way Ahead:
- Enhanced Law Enforcement: Strengthen police presence and enforcement of speed limits, especially in high-risk areas.
- Public Awareness Campaigns: Promote road safety education in schools and communities.
- Upgraded Infrastructure: Improve road conditions, signage, and lighting, particularly in rural and semi-urban areas.
- Emergency Medical Services: Increase the number of emergency response vehicles and quick-access helplines.
- Data-Driven Policy: Use accident data to identify hotspots and deploy targeted interventions.
Conclusion:
Reducing road accident fatalities in Assam requires a multi-pronged approach focusing on infrastructure, enforcement, and public awareness. Effective implementation of these measures can contribute to a safer road environment across the state.
Topic 3: First Integrated Check Post Along India-Bhutan Border in Assam
GS Paper 2: International Relations, Border Management
Introduction:
The inauguration of the first Integrated Check Post (ICP) along the India-Bhutan border at Darranga in Assam marks a milestone in enhancing trade, security, and connectivity between the two nations. This development aims to streamline cross-border movement and bolster economic ties.
Key Points:
- The ICP spans 14.5 acres and includes an office complex, weighbridge, parking areas, and residential facilities for officials.
- It aims to support cross-border trade, with plans to manage Bhutanese check posts at Samdrup-Jongkhar and Mottanga.
- The ICP will also facilitate the movement of third-country tourists, strengthening people-to-people contact.
Prelims Pointers:
- Integrated Check Post (ICP): A border post designed to manage the movement of goods and people, combining multiple facilities under one roof.
- Land Ports Authority of India: Responsible for developing and managing Integrated Check Posts along India’s borders.
Mains Pointers:
- Importance:
- Enhanced Bilateral Trade: Increases trade volumes and strengthens economic ties between India and Bhutan.
- Border Security: Helps regulate cross-border movement, reducing smuggling and illegal activities.
- Tourism Boost: Facilitates tourist inflow, benefiting local economies and promoting cultural exchange.
- Strategic Connectivity: Improves India’s connectivity with Bhutan, reinforcing regional security.
- Economic Development: Generates employment opportunities and economic growth in border regions.
- Challenges:
- Logistical Constraints: Managing cross-border trade requires efficient logistics and resource allocation.
- Cultural Sensitivities: Balancing cross-border interactions while respecting local customs and regulations.
- Environmental Impact: Infrastructure development near ecologically sensitive areas must be carefully managed.
- Traffic Congestion: Increased traffic could lead to congestion, impacting border security and efficiency.
- Political Considerations: Ensuring that bilateral agreements align with the interests of both countries.
- Way Ahead:
- Upgrade Facilities: Continuously update ICP facilities to handle increasing trade volumes.
- Community Engagement: Engage local communities in border areas to support ICP initiatives and address concerns.
- Sustainable Development: Prioritize eco-friendly practices to mitigate environmental impact.
- Digital Solutions: Implement digital tracking and automated customs to streamline operations.
- Regional Coordination: Strengthen bilateral cooperation to maintain smooth cross-border functionality.
Conclusion:
The establishment of the ICP at Darranga is a promising step towards enhancing connectivity and economic collaboration between India and Bhutan. Continuous upgrades and a sustainable approach will be key to maximizing the benefits of this strategic initiative.
Topic 4: Assam’s Plan to Promote Organic Farming in Majuli
GS Paper 3: Agriculture, Environment Conservation
Introduction:
The Assam Government has announced a comprehensive plan to transform Majuli, the world’s largest river island, into a hub for organic farming. This initiative aims to protect the island’s biodiversity, promote sustainable agriculture, and increase farmers’ income by targeting both domestic and international markets for organic products.
Key Points:
- Majuli’s fertile soil and unique riverine ecosystem make it ideal for organic farming practices.
- The government plans to establish organic certification facilities and provide training for farmers on organic farming techniques.
- Local farmers will receive incentives for transitioning from conventional to organic agriculture to reduce chemical usage.
Prelims Pointers:
- Majuli: Known as the world’s largest river island, located on the Brahmaputra River in Assam, and rich in cultural heritage.
- Organic Farming: A sustainable agricultural method that avoids synthetic chemicals, promoting ecological balance and biodiversity.
Mains Pointers:
- Importance:
- Environmental Protection: Organic farming reduces soil and water contamination by avoiding synthetic chemicals.
- Biodiversity Conservation: Promotes a habitat that supports diverse flora and fauna unique to Majuli’s ecosystem.
- Economic Benefits: Organic products fetch premium prices, potentially increasing farmers’ income.
- Health Benefits: Organic crops have reduced pesticide residues, supporting public health.
- Tourism Boost: Majuli’s image as an organic farming hub could attract eco-tourism and agri-tourism.
- Challenges:
- High Initial Costs: Transitioning to organic farming can be expensive due to certification and setup costs.
- Market Access: Farmers may face difficulties in accessing lucrative markets for organic products.
- Training Requirements: Local farmers require training to effectively adopt organic farming practices.
- Yield Concerns: Organic farming may initially result in lower yields compared to conventional methods.
- Infrastructure Needs: Lack of storage and processing facilities for organic products could limit expansion.
- Way Ahead:
- Subsidies and Incentives: Provide financial support for certification and initial transition costs.
- Market Linkages: Develop strong market linkages to enable access to domestic and international markets.
- Farmer Training Programs: Conduct regular training sessions to educate farmers on organic practices.
- Research on Yield Improvement: Invest in research to improve organic farming yields through crop rotation and soil management.
- Eco-Tourism Initiatives: Promote Majuli as an eco-friendly destination to attract tourists interested in sustainable agriculture.
Conclusion:
The organic farming initiative in Majuli has the potential to transform the river island into a sustainable agricultural model. By supporting farmers with training, market access, and infrastructure, Assam can showcase Majuli as a leader in organic and environmentally sustainable farming.
Topic 5: National Conclave on Food Fortification at Assam Agricultural University (AAU)
GS Paper 2: Health and Nutrition, Government Policies
Introduction:
Assam Agricultural University (AAU) hosted a two-day national conclave on food fortification, emphasizing the importance of fortified rice in combating malnutrition. The event brought together experts from academia, industry, and government to discuss strategies for scaling up nutrient-rich food distribution across Assam.
Key Points:
- The conclave was inaugurated by AAU Vice-Chancellor Dr. Bidyut Chandan Deka, who highlighted logistical challenges in expanding fortified food access.
- Government and industry representatives discussed advancements in rice fortification, emphasizing Assam’s commitment to nutrition security.
- Essential resources, such as millers’ handbooks and technical guides, were distributed to participants to support implementation.
Prelims Pointers:
- Food Fortification: The process of adding essential vitamins and minerals to food to prevent nutrient deficiencies.
- AAU: Assam Agricultural University, a key institution in promoting agriculture and nutrition initiatives in Assam.
Mains Pointers:
- Importance:
- Addressing Malnutrition: Fortified foods provide essential micronutrients, addressing nutrient deficiencies.
- Public Health Improvement: Reduces the incidence of nutrient deficiency-related health issues, particularly in rural areas.
- Economic Impact: Healthier populations contribute to higher productivity and economic growth.
- Educational Benefits: Improved nutrition has been linked to better cognitive development in children.
- Support for SDGs: Contributes to India’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by enhancing food security and health.
- Challenges:
- Cost and Logistics: High costs of production and distribution hinder widespread adoption.
- Awareness and Acceptance: Limited public awareness and misconceptions may affect acceptance of fortified foods.
- Quality Control: Ensuring consistent nutrient levels in fortified products requires rigorous monitoring.
- Scalability: Expanding fortification to all rural areas in Assam requires significant resource allocation.
- Policy Alignment: Integrating fortification with existing nutrition programs can be complex.
- Way Ahead:
- Enhanced Funding: Increase government funding to support large-scale fortification initiatives.
- Awareness Campaigns: Conduct outreach to educate the public on the benefits of fortified foods.
- Quality Assurance: Implement strict quality control standards across all fortified food producers.
- Public-Private Partnerships: Engage with the private sector to scale production and distribution networks.
- Policy Integration: Align fortification efforts with national nutrition schemes like the Public Distribution System (PDS).
Conclusion:
The AAU conclave highlights the critical role of fortified foods in combating malnutrition in Assam. By addressing logistical and awareness challenges, Assam can establish a successful model for nutrition security that other states can replicate.ges in megadiverse nations. With increased funding and community involvement, India can strengthen its biodiversity conservation strategies.
APSC Prelims Practice Questions
Topic 1: Central Government’s Directive for Assam to Prepare Wetland Conservation Plan
Question 1: With reference to wetland conservation in India, consider the following statements:
- Wetlands play a significant role in flood mitigation by acting as natural reservoirs for excess water.
- The North East Space Application Centre (NESAC) is responsible for mapping and monitoring wetlands in the northeastern region of India.
- Wetlands do not contribute to groundwater recharge.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
A. 1 only
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, and 3
Answer: B. 1 and 2 only
Explanation:
- Statement 1 is correct. Wetlands help in flood mitigation by storing excess water, reducing the impact of floods on nearby settlements.
- Statement 2 is correct. The North East Space Application Centre (NESAC) is involved in mapping and monitoring wetlands in the northeastern states.
- Statement 3 is incorrect. Wetlands contribute to groundwater recharge, especially during dry seasons, by releasing stored water gradually into the aquifers.
Thus, the correct answer is B.
Topic 2: Assam Ranks Second in Road Accident Fatalities in Northeast
Question 2: Which of the following factors are commonly associated with high road accident fatality rates in India?
- Poor road infrastructure
- Limited enforcement of traffic laws
- Low levels of public awareness on road safety
- Widespread adoption of seatbelt and helmet use
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 1, 2, and 3 only
C. 3 and 4 only
D. 1, 2, 3, and 4
Answer: B. 1, 2, and 3 only
Explanation:
- Factors 1, 2, and 3 are correct. Poor infrastructure, weak enforcement of traffic laws, and low public awareness on road safety are significant contributors to road accident fatalities in India.
- Factor 4 is incorrect. Limited adoption, not widespread adoption, of seatbelt and helmet use is a factor that increases accident fatality rates.
Thus, the correct answer is B.
Topic 3: First Integrated Check Post Along India-Bhutan Border in Assam
Question 3: Consider the following statements about Integrated Check Posts (ICPs):
- ICPs are designed to streamline the movement of goods and people across borders by consolidating multiple facilities.
- The Land Ports Authority of India is responsible for developing and managing ICPs across India’s borders.
- The ICP at Darranga, Assam, primarily facilitates cross-border movement with China.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 1 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, and 3
Answer: A. 1 and 2 only
Explanation:
- Statement 1 is correct. ICPs consolidate customs, immigration, and other border-related facilities, simplifying cross-border trade and movement.
- Statement 2 is correct. The Land Ports Authority of India manages ICPs at various international borders.
- Statement 3 is incorrect. The ICP at Darranga in Assam facilitates movement with Bhutan, not China.
Thus, the correct answer is A.
Topic 4: Assam’s Plan to Promote Organic Farming in Majuli
Question 4: With reference to organic farming, consider the following statements:
- Organic farming involves avoiding the use of synthetic pesticides and fertilizers.
- Majuli’s unique riverine ecosystem makes it a suitable location for organic farming practices.
- Organic farming typically yields higher crop productivity than conventional farming.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 only
D. 1, 2, and 3
Answer: A. 1 and 2 only
Explanation:
- Statement 1 is correct. Organic farming avoids synthetic inputs, relying on natural processes for soil fertility and pest control.
- Statement 2 is correct. Majuli’s fertile soil and riverine ecosystem support organic agriculture, which is environmentally friendly and suitable for such a unique area.
- Statement 3 is incorrect. Organic farming often yields lower productivity compared to conventional farming, particularly in the initial years of transition.
Thus, the correct answer is A.
Topic 5: National Conclave on Food Fortification at Assam Agricultural University (AAU)
Question 5: Which of the following statements about food fortification is/are correct?
- Food fortification involves adding essential vitamins and minerals to food to prevent nutrient deficiencies.
- The Government of India promotes rice fortification as a measure to combat malnutrition in public food distribution schemes.
- Fortified foods are mandatory for all food grains provided under the Public Distribution System (PDS) in India.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 1 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, and 3
Answer: A. 1 and 2 only
Explanation:
Statement 3 is incorrect. While fortified foods are increasingly promoted, they are not yet mandatory across all food grains in the PDS system in India.
Thus, the correct answer is A.
Statement 1 is correct. Food fortification adds essential nutrients to food items to address specific nutrient deficiencies.
Statement 2 is correct. The Government of India has been promoting the fortification of rice and other staple foods to improve nutrition levels through schemes like the PDS.
APSC Mains Practice Question
Topic: Role of Organic Farming in Sustainable Agriculture in Northeast India
Question: Discuss the potential of organic farming in promoting sustainable agriculture in Majuli and other ecologically sensitive areas of Northeast India. What are the challenges and steps needed to effectively implement organic farming practices in these regions? (250 words)
Model Answer:
Introduction:
Organic farming, which relies on natural inputs and sustainable practices, holds significant potential for promoting ecological balance and enhancing local livelihoods in Northeast India. Majuli, the world’s largest river island, is an ideal location for organic farming due to its unique ecosystem and fertile soil.
Body:
Potential of Organic Farming in Northeast India:
- Environmental Protection: Organic farming minimizes soil and water pollution by avoiding synthetic chemicals, essential for the ecologically fragile areas of the Northeast.
- Biodiversity Conservation: It promotes biodiversity by creating habitats for diverse flora and fauna, which are integral to Majuli’s and the Northeast’s unique ecosystems.
- Economic Benefits: Organic products command higher market prices, offering economic advantages for local farmers and attracting interest from national and international markets.
- Health Benefits: Reduces chemical exposure for consumers and farmers, supporting overall health in rural communities.
- Tourism Potential: Establishing Majuli as an organic farming hub can boost eco-tourism, benefiting the local economy.
Challenges:
- High Initial Costs: Transitioning to organic farming involves certification and training costs, which may be unaffordable for small farmers.
- Market Access: Limited market access, particularly to urban and export markets, restricts potential income from organic products.
- Yield Declines: Organic farming often results in lower yields initially, which can impact farmers’ short-term income.
- Training Needs: Farmers require training on organic techniques and soil management for successful implementation.
- Infrastructure Gaps: Insufficient storage, processing, and transportation facilities pose barriers to scaling organic farming.
Steps for Effective Implementation:
- Subsidies and Financial Support: Provide incentives for certification and initial transition costs to encourage more farmers to adopt organic practices.
- Market Linkages: Develop strong market linkages, including export channels, to ensure stable income sources.
- Awareness and Training Programs: Conduct workshops on organic farming methods and benefits for local farmers.
- Public-Private Partnerships: Engage private sector stakeholders in building infrastructure for organic produce.
- Policy Support: Integrate organic farming into state and national agricultural policies to enhance focus and funding.
Conclusion:
Organic farming in Majuli and other ecologically sensitive regions of Northeast India can be a sustainable agricultural model. With strategic support, these regions can harness organic farming’s potential to balance economic growth with environmental stewardship.
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